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Las poblaciones ibéricas de pino albar ante el cambio climático: con la muerte en los talones

Authors: Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi; Aguade, David; Banque, Mireia; Barba, Josep; Yuste, Jorge Curiel; Galiano, Lucia; Garcia, Nuria; +9 Authors

Las poblaciones ibéricas de pino albar ante el cambio climático: con la muerte en los talones

Abstract

El pino albar (Pinus sylvestris) es uno de los árboles más ampliamente distribuidos del mundo. Pese a su gran plasticidad ecológica, numerosos estudios muestran que su capacidad de resistir la sequía se está viendo superada en diversas zonas, especialmente en la cuenca mediterránea, donde se halla el límite meridional de su distribución. El presente artículo repasa una serie de trabajos recientes sobre los efectos directos e indirectos de la sequía sobre las poblaciones ibéricas de pino albar en un contexto de cambio climático. Específicamente, se tratan los siguientes aspectos: (1) ¿qué características ecofisiológicas explican la vulnerabilidad del pino albar a la sequía?; (2) ¿qué factores ambientales determinan sus patrones de crecimiento y cómo han variado en las últimas décadas?; (3) ¿qué factores ambientales explican la variabilidad espacial en las tasas demográficas de la especie (crecimiento, mortalidad, reclutamiento) a distintas escalas?; y (4) ¿cuáles son los impactos previsibles de un aumento de las condiciones de sequía y de los incendios forestales? El conjunto de los resultados registrados sugiere que una parte importante de las poblaciones ibéricas de pino albar podrían dejar de ser viables a medio plazo si se cumplen las proyecciones de cambio climático. Concluimos explorando hasta qué punto podemos utilizar la información anterior para identificar los individuos o poblaciones más vulnerables y el papel que la gestión podría tener a la hora de modular los impactos esperados.

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most widely distributed trees on Earth. Despite its huge ecological plasticity, many studies show that its capacity to resist drought is being overcome in several regions, particularly at the southern limit of its distribution in the Mediterranean basin. This paper summarizes recent work on the direct and indirect effects of drought on Scots pine in the context of climate change. More specifically, the following aspects are addressed: (1) what are the ecophysiological characteristics that explain the vulnerability of Scots pine to drought?; (2) what environmental factors determine the growth patterns of Scots pine and how have these factors varied over the last decades?; (3) what environmental factors explain the spatial variability in the demographic rates of this species (growth, mortality, recruitment) at different scales?; and (4) what are the likely impacts of more frequent droughts and forest fires? Overall, the results currently available suggest that the mid term viability of a substantial part of the Scots pine populations in the Iberian Peninsula is at risk if climate change projections become true. We conclude exploring to what degree the previous information can be used to identify the more vulnerable individuals or populations, and how could forest management be used to modulate the expected impacts.

Los estudios realizados han sido posibles gracias a los proyectos CGL2006-01293, CGL2007-60120, CSD2008-0004, CGL2009-08101 y CGL2010-16373, financiados por el del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, y SGR2009-0247, financiado por la Generalitat de Catalunya.

Countries
United Kingdom, Spain
Keywords

Dinàmica forestal, Gestió forestal, Dinámica forestal, 577, Gestión forestal, Sequía, Forest dynamics, Wildfires, Decaimiento forestal, Incendis, GE1-350, 580, Forest management, Drought, Pinus sylvestris, Ecología, Forest decline, Environmental sciences, Incendios

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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