This article considers the >pinturas> of New Spain from the >Relaciones Geográficas de Indias> as an ambitious and imperialistic metropolitan project for a Ptolemaic chorography of the Indies that was, in the end, redefined in the colony by the >tlacuiloque> and the local communities as a sort of ‘invention of a New Spain’. For the Council of Indies, the project of the Relaciones and their pinturas meant the final stage of a cosmographical appropriation of the American territories. For New Spain, however, the resulting hybrid cartographic representations meant a sort of foundational act of a “New Spain”. The local communities and the authors of the pinturas took the opportunity given to them by their new lords to reinvent their own version of the territory appropriating the initial imperial design to establish their own new identities.

The elaboration of this paper is supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal) under a postdoctoral fellowship (FCT SFRH/BPD/71628/2010), in the case of Antonio Sánchez, and by the Ministerio de Economía e Innovación (Spain) under the research project HAR2012-36102-C02-01.

Peer Reviewed