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Environment International
Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
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Environment International
Article . 2009
Data sources: KNAW Pure
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Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Brominated flame retardants and organochlorines in the European environment using great tit eggs as a biomonitoring tool

Authors: VAN DEN STEEN, E; PINXTEN, R; JASPERS, VLB; COVACI, A; BARBA, E; CARERE, C; CICHO, M; +20 Authors

Brominated flame retardants and organochlorines in the European environment using great tit eggs as a biomonitoring tool

Abstract

Large-scale studies are essential to assess the emission patterns and spatial distribution of organohalogenated pollutants (OHPs) in the environment. Bird eggs have several advantages compared to other environmental media which have previously been used to map the distribution of OHPs. In this study, large-scale geographical variation in the occurrence of OHPs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), was investigated throughout Europe using eggs of a terrestrial residential passerine species, the great tit (Parus major). Great tit eggs from 22 sampling sites, involving urban, rural and remote areas, in 14 European countries were collected and analysed (5-8 eggs per sampling site). The environmentally most important congeners/compounds of the analysed pollutants were detectable in all sampling locations. For PCBs, PBDEs and OCPs, no clear geographical contamination pattern was found. Sum PCB levels ranged from 143 ng/g lipid weight (lw) to 3660 ng/g lw. As expected, PCB concentrations were significantly higher in the sampled urban compared to the remote locations. However, the urban locations did not show significantly higher concentrations compared to the rural locations. Sum PBDEs ranged from 4.0 ng/g lw to 136 ng/g lw. PBDEs were significantly higher in the urbanized sampling locations compared to the other locations. The significant, positive correlation between PCB and PBDE concentrations suggests similar spatial exposure and/or mechanisms of accumulation. Significantly higher levels of OCPs (sum OCPs ranging from 191 ng/g lw to 7830 ng/g lw) were detected in rural sampling locations. Contamination profiles of PCBs, PBDEs and OCPs differed also among the sampling locations, which may be due to local usage and contamination sources. The higher variance among sampling locations for the PCBs and OCPs, suggests that local contamination sources are more important for the PCBs and OCPs compared to the PBDEs. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which bird eggs were used as a monitoring tool for OHPs on such a large geographical scale.

Countries
Netherlands, Poland, Belgium, Italy
Keywords

polybrominated diphenyl ethers, Great tit, polychlorinated biphenyls, Eggs, organochlorine pesticides, Polychlorinated biphenyls, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Animals, Passeriformes, Pesticides, Biology, Flame Retardants, Environmental Exposure, Contaminants, Eggs, Parus major, Europe, Europe, great tit, biomonitoring, Biomonitoring, Organochlorine pesticides, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Monitoring

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
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64
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