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América Latina y las prioridades geográficas de las multinacionales agroalimentarias

Authors: Rama Dellepiane, Ruth;

América Latina y las prioridades geográficas de las multinacionales agroalimentarias

Abstract

[ES] La teoría económica indica que la empresa evita la intensificación de la competencia desplazándose hacia nuevas áreas geográficas. La competencia se ha intensificado de hecho, en los mercados de alimentos y bebidas de los países desarrollados debido al estancamiento del volumen del consumo per capita que ha tenido lugar a lo largo de los últimos años. La entrada de empresas de segunda línea y de nuevos países exportadores de capital, así como la rivalidad entre los distribuidores y los fabricantes de alimentos han acentuado también la competencia a lo largo de los años 80 y principios de los 90. Paradójicamente, esta situación ha conducido a las grandes empresas a incrementar sus inversiones cruzadas en el área de la ocde, antes que a buscar nuevos mercados geográficos. A pesar de sus mercados no saturados para los alimentos sencillos, la participación de América latina en la inversión extranjera agroindustrial se ha estancado e, incluso, ha disminuido en las economías regionales más pobres. México es una excepción debido al nafta. Sin embargo, en el ultimo periodo, se observa que las prioridades geográficas de las multinacionales podrían cambiar debido a que las condiciones para la obtención de beneficios en los países de origen son actualmente menos favorables. Las nuevas políticas comerciales y la expansión de la distribución moderna en una serie de países de América latina pueden facilitar un giro de esta naturaleza

[EN] Economic theory indicates that the firm avoids an intensification of competition by moves into new geographical areas. Competition, however, has intensified in the markets for food and drinks in developed countries due to stagnation of per capita consumption, in volume, over the last years. Entry of new second-tier firms and new source-countries, as well as rivalry between retailers and processors, has accentuated competition throughout the 1980s and early 1990s. Paradoxically, this situation has lead large firms to increase cross-investments within the OECD area rather than to the search for new geographical markets. Despite its unsaturated markets for simple foodstuffs. Latin America's share of agro-industrial foreign investment has stagnated or even fallen in the poorer regional economies. Mexico is an exception due to the anticipation of the passing of NAFTA. However, the geographical priorities of multinationals may change due to less favourable profit-making conditions in the home-countries. New trade policies and the expansion of modem retailing in several Latin American countries may facilitate this shift

Peer reviewed

Keywords

América Latina, Industria alimentaria, Empresas multinacionales

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green