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El neutrón de Chadwick y su interpretación

Authors: Navarro Vives, Jaume;

El neutrón de Chadwick y su interpretación

Abstract

[EN] The most traditional historiography usually thinks of the discovery of new physical entities as perfectly dated and localised events. However, the first piece of news about the existence of such entities is often followed by a process in which the new physical objects are gradually accepted. This article studies the period, more than two years long, after the first announcement of the existence of the neutron by Chadwick in February 1932, that was necessary to accept the new particle. Special interest is dedicated to the question of when and why was the neutron finally considered to be an elementary particle. The natural resistance to accept the existence of new elementary particles was in this case increased by the attitude from the Cavendish laboratory, the investigators of which tried to use this discovery to stress its primacy in experimental, as well as theoretical, physics. All this helped to delay the acceptance of the neutron as an elementary particle.

[ES] Es corriente en la historiografía más tradicional concebir los descubrimientos de nuevas entidades como acontecimientos puntuales, perfectamente localizados en un lugar y una fecha. Sin embargo, la primera noticia de la existencia de una tal entidad suele venir acompañada de un proceso, más o menos prolongado, durante el cual se va aceptando ese nuevo objeto físico. En este artículo se estudia el periodo de más de dos años, tras la primera noticia de la existencia del neutrón obtenida por Chadwick en febrero de 1932, en el que se fue aceptando la nueva partícula. Especial importancia se dedica a la cuestión del carácter de partícula elemental del neutrón. A la natural reticencia para introducir una nueva partícula en la tabla de partículas elementales, se añadió la utilización que hizo el laboratorio Cavendish de este descubrimiento para afirmar su primacía en la física, tanto experimental como teórica, 10 que retrasó este proceso de aceptación.

Fecha 2014-07-30.--Fujitsu ScanSnap iX500.--Unidad técnica IHMC.--Archivo depósito IHMC.--Solo se permite el uso con fines educativos y de investigación

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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