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handle: 10234/194039
En primer lugar, en este trabajo, se estudia el sistema penitenciario español, su origen, organización y estructura; y para ello, partimos del artículo 25.2 de la Constitución Española (el artículo 1 de la LOGP tiene idéntico contenido), que consagra los principios esenciales del mismo, fundamentalmente la reinserción social del penado, aunque sin olvidar la prevención general y la retribución. Asimismo, en este trabajo se muestra una visión de la actual política criminal española, caracterizada por un modelo populista-punitivo que se traduce en el endurecimiento del Código Penal por parte de los partidos políticos para obtener beneficios electorales, exponiendo para ellos las sucesivas reformas del Código Penal desde su promulgación en 1995 hasta la actualidad. También se proporciona una perspectiva de la situación existente en las instituciones penitenciarias desde la entrada en vigor del Código Penal de 1995 ya que se produjo un crecimiento excesivo de la población penitenciaria en España durante algunos años, situándose entre los países con más personas privadas de libertad de la Unión Europea. El aumento de los internos en prisión se debió principalmente al incremento de las penas impuestas por el Código Penal de 1995 (así como en sus ulteriores reformas) y por el empleo limitado de las penas alternativas a prisión, consecuencias que analizaremos a lo largo del presente trabajo.
In the first place, in this work, the Spanish prison system, its origin, organization and structure are studied; and for this, we start from article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution (article 1 of the LOGP has the same content), which establishes its essential principles, fundamentally the social reintegration of the convicted person, although without forgetting general prevention and retribution. Likewise, this work shows a vision of the current Spanish criminal policy, characterized by a populist-punitive model that translates into the hardening of the Penal Code by political parties to obtain electoral benefits, exposing to them the successive reforms of the Penal Code from its promulgation in 1995 to the present. It also provides a perspective of the existing situation in penitentiary institutions since the entry into force of the 1995 Penal Code came into force, since there was an excessive growth of the prison population in Spain for some years, ranking among the countries with more people deprived of liberty from the European Union. The increase in inmates in prison was mainly due to the increase in penalties imposed by the 1995 Penal Code (as well as its subsequent reforms) and the limited use of alternative penalties to prison, consequences that we will analyze throughout the present job.
Treball Final de Grau en Criminologia i Seguretat. Codi: CS1044. Curs acadèmic: 2020/2021
población penitenciaria, prison system, Grau en Criminologia i Seguretat, pena privativa de libertad, interno, intern, Grado en Criminología y Seguridad, Bachelor's Degree in Criminology and Security, sistema penitenciario, Penal Code, prison population, imprisonment, Código Penal
población penitenciaria, prison system, Grau en Criminologia i Seguretat, pena privativa de libertad, interno, intern, Grado en Criminología y Seguridad, Bachelor's Degree in Criminology and Security, sistema penitenciario, Penal Code, prison population, imprisonment, Código Penal
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