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Protocolo de actuación ante una artroplastia total de cadera dolorosa

Authors: Sánchez Munuera, José Miguel;

Protocolo de actuación ante una artroplastia total de cadera dolorosa

Abstract

La artroplastia total de la cadera (ATC) consigue, en la mayoría de los casos, la desaparición del dolor producido por la coxopatía. Sin embargo, existe un pequeño porcentaje de pacientes que puede manifestar dolor en algún momento tras la cirugía. Cuando esta molestia persiste o reaparece tras un periodo asintomático, debemos buscar la causa. El diagnóstico diferencial es complejo y dividiremos las causas en intrínsecas, originadas en la cadera, y extrínsecas. Las causas intrínsecas más frecuentes son: el aflojamiento, la infección y la inestabilidad. Utilizaremos tres herramientas fundamentales que nos ayudarán a realizar el diagnóstico diferencial: Anamnesis y exploración física completa, análisis de laboratorio y técnicas de imagen. El presente TFG ha consistido en la realización de un protocolo asistencial para el Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología del Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, con el objetivo de estandarizar el manejo adecuado de una ATC dolorosa. Se ha realizado una búsqueda sistemática de la evidencia científica actual, y se ha elaborado un algoritmo diagnóstico que distinga, en primer lugar el origen intrínseco o no de la clínica y oriente el manejo del paciente en un intento de esclarecer la causa del fracaso de la ATC.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) achieves, in most cases, the disappearance of pain produced by coxopathy. When this discomfort persists or reappears after an asymptomatic period, we must look for the cause. The differential diagnosis is complex and we will divide the causes into intrinsic , originating in the hip, and extrinsic. The most common intrinsic causes are: Loosening, infection and instability. We will use three fundamental tools that will help us make the differential diagnosis: Anamnesis and complete physical examination, laboratory analysis and imaging techniques. The present TFG has consisted in the realization of an assistance protocol for the Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Service of the General University Hospital of Castellón, with the objective of standardizing the adequate management of a painful THA. A systematic search of the current scientific evidence has been carried out, and a diagnostic algorithm has been developed that distinguishes, in the first place, the intrinsic or non-intrinsic origin of the clinic and guides the management of the patient in an attempt to clarify the cause of THA failure.

Treball Final de Grau en Medicina. Codi: MD1158. Curs acadèmic: 2019/2020

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

painful prosthesis, loosening, total hip arthroplasty, diagnosis, Grado en Medicina, complication, inestabilidad, prótesis dolorosa, diagnóstico, aflojamiento, instability, artroplastia total de cadera, complicación, Grau en Medicina, Bachelor's Degree in Medicine

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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