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¿Qué efectos tiene realizar carreras de ultra-trail en el envejecimiento celular?

Authors: González-Novelles Córdoba, Celia;

¿Qué efectos tiene realizar carreras de ultra-trail en el envejecimiento celular?

Abstract

Las carreras de ultra-trail se caracterizan por ser especialmente duras, con un recorrido mayor de 80 km que exigen un alto nivel de preparación física y mental. Debido a las características extremas de estas pruebas, este estudio caso-control se centra en averiguar si realizar de forma asidua este tipo de carreras repercute en la salud del corredor, concretamente, en el proceso de envejecimiento celular. En el estudio se incluyeron un total de 149 voluntarios, que fueron divididos en controles (personas sedentarias) y corredores (participantes en la Penyagolosa Trail 2019). Los corredores fueron a su vez subdivididos en amateurs y élites. Se extrajo una muestra de ADN de cada uno de los participantes para analizar la longitud de los telómeros, marcador de la edad biológica. Además, se recogieron datos antes y después de la carrera relacionados con el daño muscular (niveles en sangre de CK y LDH), y el nivel de rendimiento físico (VO2max). Se analizó, si realizar este tipo de actividad física de larga distancia reduce el acortamiento de los telómeros con la edad. Además, se analizó si la longitud de los telómeros está correlacionada con la capacidad física y/o el nivel de daño muscular que sufre el corredor tras realizar una ultra-trail. Los resultados muestran que realizar deporte de alta resistencia de manera no profesional ralentiza el envejecimiento celular. Por tanto, podemos concluir que practicar deporte de manera habitual y no profesional es un factor protector sobre los telómeros, ya que consigue ralentizar su acortamiento con el paso de los años. Por otro lado, se observó que tanto la capacidad física, como el daño que soporta el corredor durante una carrera de ultra-trail, no parecen influir en la longitud de los telómeros.

Ultra-trail races are characterized by being especially tough, with a distance of more than 80 km that requires a high level of physical and mental preparation. Due to extreme characteristics of these races, this case-control study focused on finding if carrying out this type of race regularly, has impact on the runner’s health, specifically, in the cellular aging process. A total of 149 volunteers were included in the study, which were divided into controls (sedentary people) and runners (participants in the Penyagolosa Trail 2019). Additionally, runners were5 subdivided into amateurs and elites. A DNA sample was extracted from each participant to analyze the length of their telomeres, a marker of biological age. In addition, biomarkers related to muscle damage (blood levels of CK and LDH), as well as data associated with physical performance level (VO2max), were collected before and/or after the race. This study analyzed whether performing this type of long-distance physical activity reduces telomere shortening with age. In addition, it is evaluated if the telomere length is correlated with runners’ physical capacity and/or the level of muscle damage suffered by the runner after performing an ultratrail. The results showed that doing high endurance sports in a non-professional way slows down cell aging. Therefore, we can conclude that practicing sports on a regular and non-professional way is a protective factor on the telomeres, since it manages to slow down their shortening over the years. On the other hand, it was observed that both the physical activity and the damage that runner endures during an ultra-trail race do not seem to influence the length of the telomeres

Treball Final de Grau en Medicina. Codi: MD1158. Curs acadèmic: 2019/2020

Country
Spain
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Keywords

telomere, edad biológica, physical activity, Grado en Medicina, rendimiento físico, biological age, cellular aging, Grau en Medicina, Ultra-trail, Bachelor's Degree in Medicine, envejecimiento celular, telomere length, longitud de telómeros, telómeros

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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