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handle: 10234/171608
En los últimos años han sido muchos los estudios realizados sobre los Trastornos del Aprendizaje. El Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje y las Dificultades en la Lectura son dos trastornos comunes en la infancia que muestran una considerable comorbilidad y diagnóstico, superposiciones que sugieren que hay influencias genéticas compartidas entre estos dos trastornos. Se considera que el Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje y las Dificultades en la Lectura tienen una etiología compleja causada por interacciones genéticas y ambientales. Los objetivos perseguidos en los estudios revisados han sido por una parte identificar los marcadores genéticos comórbidos entre el Trastorno Específico del lenguaje y las Dificultades en la Lectura y, por otra parte, describir los criterios diagnósticos de ambos trastornos para poder ayudar a aquellas personas que presentan Trastornos Específicos del Aprendizaje. En conclusión, los autores de estudios previos sobre el TEL y DL han demostrado que existen genes y sus variantes genéticas que se relacionan más con un trastorno que con el otro. Por ejemplo, el Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje se ha asociado con los genes KIAA0319, DCDC2, CNTAP2 y FOXP2. En el caso de las Dificultades en la Lectura, hay una mayor asociación con los genes DYXIC1, ROBO1, DYX2 y DCDC2. En los estudios revisados, se han podido observar los marcadores genéticos comórbidos entre el Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje y las Dificultades en la Lectura, ambos trastornos se asocian con los genes KIAA0319, DCDC2, DYX2, CNTNAP2, FOXP2, ZNF385D, OR5H2/6, NOP9, ATP2C2, CMIP, MRPL19, C2ORF3 y HSA- miR-548C-3P, todos ellos implicados tanto en la lectura como en el lenguaje.
In recent years there have been many studies on language disorders. Specific Language Impairment and Reading Disabilities are common disorders in childhood that show considerable comorbidity and diagnosis, overlaps that suggest that there are shared genetic influences between these two disorders. Specific Language Impairment and Reading Disabilities are considered to have a complex etiology caused by genetic and environmental interactions. The objectives pursued have been on the one hand to identify the comorbidity between Specific Language Impairment and Reading Disabilities, and on the other hand to describe the diagnostic criteria of disorders to help persons with specific learning disorders. In conclusion, the authors of previous studies on SLI and RD have shown that there are genes and their genetics variants that relate more to one disorder than to the other. For example, Specific Language Impairment has been associated with genes KIAAO319, DCDC2, CNTAP2 and FOXP2. In the case of Reading Disabilities there is a greater association with the genes DYX1C1, ROBO1, DYX2 and DCDC2. In the reviewed studies, genetic markers were comorbid between specific language impairment and reading disabilities; both disorders are associated with the genes KIAA0319, DCDC2, DYX2, CNTAP2, FOXP2, ZNF385D, OR5H2/6, NOP9, ATP2C2, CMIP, MRPL19, C2ORF3 and HAS-miR-548C-3P, all of which are involved in both reading and language.
Treball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs acadèmic: 2016/2017
Grau en Psicologia, Bachelor's Degree in Psychology, Genetics, Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje, Comorbidity, Grado en Psicología, Dificultades en la Lectura, Comorbilidad, Specific Language Impairment, Genética, Reading Disabilities
Grau en Psicologia, Bachelor's Degree in Psychology, Genetics, Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje, Comorbidity, Grado en Psicología, Dificultades en la Lectura, Comorbilidad, Specific Language Impairment, Genética, Reading Disabilities
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