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Posicionamiento ideológico en población universitaria

Authors: Madueño Pallarés, Héctor;

Posicionamiento ideológico en población universitaria

Abstract

En la elección de carrera intervienen numerosas variables psicológicas; educación, personalidad, sexo y género, nivel socioeconómico, etc. El posicionamiento ideológico también podría influir en la elección de carrera (Pratto et al., 1994; Heaven y Bucci, 2001;Jost, Federico y Napier (2009). Se ha comprobado que las actitudes políticas en la población universitaria son diferentes de las de la población general. La población universitaria tiende más al progresismo (Pascarella y Terenzini, 1991; Mariana y Hewitt, 2008; Alwin, Cohen, Newcomb, 1991). Además, el posicionamiento ideológico también cambia en función de la titulación que se curse (Rubinstein, 2007; Hastie, 2007; Van Hiel y Mervielde, 2002). Queríamos comprobar si había diferencias en el posicionamiento ideológico de estudiantes de varias carreras, por lo que la carrera o titulación elegida fue considerada como factor o variable independiente. Las actitudes políticas fueron la variable dependiente. Para confirmarlo, se diseñó un cuestionario ad hoc que registraba información sobre variables sociodemográficas, una escala right-left de posicionamiento ideológico auto-percibido y partidos políticos votados. Se realizó una prueba ANOVA de un factor con contraste post hoc LSD para el posicionamiento ideológico. Para evaluar la relación entre los partidos votados y la titulación se efectuó una prueba Chi-Cuadrado (para variables cualitativas). Los resultados mostraron diferencias en el posicionamiento ideológico entre Ciencias Jurídicas y Económicas y las otras ramas (F=8.767, p<0.000). También entre otras ramas (Ingeniería, Ciencias Formales e Idiomas). La prueba Chi-Cuadrado confirmó que algunas carreras tienden a votar más a determinados partidos (�2 (16) = 56,134, p<0,017). Los datos de ambas pruebas estadísticas son congruentes entre sí. Se concluyó que sigue habiendo diferencias en la ideología política de los estudiantes de determinadas carreras. Estas diferencias se explican principalmente desde la Teoría de los Valores Humanos Básicos, la Auto-selección y la Socialización Grupal.

Numerous psychological variables intervene in career choice; education, personality, sex and gender, socioeconomic status, etc. Ideological positioning may also influence career choice (Pratto et al., 1994; Heaven and Bucci, 2001; Jost, Federico and Napier, 2009). Political attitudes in the university population and general population have been found to be different. The university population tends more towards progressivism (Pascarella and Terenzini, 1991, Marwin and Hewitt, 2008, Alwin, Cohen, Newcomb, 1991), and ideological positioning also changes according to the college degree (Rubinstein, 2007; Hastie, 2007; Van Hiel and Mervielde, 2002). We wanted to test if there were any difference in the ideological positioning of students in several college careers, so the chosen career or degree was considered as a factor or independent variable. Political attitudes were considered the dependent variable. To confirm this, we designed an ad hoc questionnaire that recorded information about sociodemographic variables, a right-left scale of self-perceived ideological positioning and vote to the political parties. We performed a one-way ANOVA with post hoc contrast LSD for ideological positioning. In order to evaluate the relationship between the voted parties and the degree, a Chi-Square test was performed (for qualitative variables). The results showed differences in the ideological positioning between Legal and Economic Sciences and the other branches (F = 8.767, p <0.000). Also, as well as among other branches (Engineering, Formal Sciences and Languages). The Chi-Square test confirmed that some degrees tend to vote more for certain parties (�2 (16) = 56,134, p<0,017). The data from both statistical tests are congruent with each other. In view of results, we conclude that there are still differences in the political ideology of students in certain careers. These differences are mainly explained by the Theory of Basic Human Values, Self-selection and Group Socialization.

Treball Final de Grau. Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs acadèmic 2016/2017

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

conservatism, political positioning, elección de carrera, ideology, progresismo, posicionamiento ideológico, conducta vocacional, political parties, conservadurismo, Grau en Psicologia, ideología, Bachelor's Degree in Psychology, población universitaria, vocational behaviour, partidos políticos, degree choice, Grado en Psicología, progressivism, university population

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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