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handle: 10234/162291
La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad degenerativa autoinmune en la cual el sistema autoinmune ataca al sistema nervioso central (SNC), produciendo la desmielinización de las neuronas tanto del cerebro como de la medula espinal. La pérdida de mielina provoca síntomas motores, sensoriales y cognitivos. El deterioro cognitivo es uno de los síntomas más destacados, y afecta a varios aspectos incluyendo la atención, el procesamiento de la velocidad de procesamiento de la información, memoria de trabajo y las funciones ejecutivas. El objetivo principal de este estudio es identificar una posible relación entre perfil de alteración cognitiva en la EM y las variables clínicas de interés. Los participantes que emplearon para este estudio fueron pacientes de EM con diferentes cursos de la enfermedad y también, un grupo control. Los análisis que se realizaron fueron de dos tipos, un análisis de cluster, para identificar a los pacientes con una alteración neuropsicológica en común, y análisis discriminante para poder clasificar a los pacientes de EM según su perfil y el grado de deterioro cognitivo, identificando las variables cognitivas que puedan ser más útiles. Los resultados obtenidos de estos análisis fueron que se formaron tres clusters (grupos) según si presentaban deterioro cognitivo o no, y que se obtuvieron tres pruebas más adecuadas para discriminar a este tipo de pacientes. En conclusión, las pruebas PASAT (Paced Auditory Serial Addiction Test), SDMT (Simple Digit Modalities Test) y SRT-A (prueba de aprendizaje verbal) son las que más discriminan a los pacientes con y sin deterioro cognitivo.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative autoimmune disease which the autoimmune system attacks the central nervous system (CNS), producing nueronal demyelination both in the brain and spinal cord. Myelin loss causes motor, sensory and cognitive symptoms. Cognitive impairment is one of the most important symptoms, and this affects several aspects incluiding the attention, the speed of information processing, working memory and executive functions. The main objective of this study is to identify a possible relationship between cognitive impairment profile in MS and clinical variables of interest. Participants who took part in this study, were MS patients with different disease progress, and also, a control group. Analysis performed were of two types, a cluster analysis to identify patients with a neuropsychological alteration in common, and discriminant analysis to classify MS patients according to their profile and the degree of cognitive impairment, identifying the cognitive variables that may be more useful. The results of these analysis were three clusters which were established as if they had cognitive impairment or 5 not. In conclusion, tests PASAT (Paced Auditory Serial Addiction Test), SDMT Simple Digit Modalities Test) and SRT-LTS (Selective Reminding Test Long-Term Storage) discriminate patients with cognitive impairment or without cognitive impairment.
Treball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs acadèmic 2015-2016
Multiple sclerosis, Cognitive impairment, Grau en Psicologia, Esclerosis múltiple, Bachelor's Degree in Psychology, Working memory, PASAT, SDMT, Grado en Psicología, Speed of information processing, Deterioro cognitivo, Memoria de trabajo, Velocidad de procesamiento de la información
Multiple sclerosis, Cognitive impairment, Grau en Psicologia, Esclerosis múltiple, Bachelor's Degree in Psychology, Working memory, PASAT, SDMT, Grado en Psicología, Speed of information processing, Deterioro cognitivo, Memoria de trabajo, Velocidad de procesamiento de la información
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