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Lexicografía especializada y lenguajes de especialidad: fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos para la elaboración de diccionarios especializados

Authors: Edo Marzá, Nuria;

Lexicografía especializada y lenguajes de especialidad: fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos para la elaboración de diccionarios especializados

Abstract

En el presente artículo se pretende mostrar de forma progresiva y secuencial pero integrada una aproximación teórico-práctica al desarrollo de diccionarios especializados desde un enfoque activo, centrado en el usuario y sus necesidades y acorde con las corrientes terminográficas actuales de tipo lingüístico-comunicativo, lo cual nos llevará a adoptar finalmente la etiqueta de “lexicografía especializada” para referirnos a los fundamentos teórico-metodológicos que guían o deberían guiar el desarrollo de estos diccionarios de especialidad. Con este fin y desde una perspectiva teórica se han analizado, entre otros aspectos, los tres pilares básicos en que se sustenta la lexicografía especializada: (1) los lenguajes de especialidad, (2) la terminología, entendida aquí desde la Teoría Comunicativa de la Terminología (Cabré 1999) y (3) la lingüística de corpus como medio necesario para el análisis de los términos en uso. Esta perspectiva teórica de la lexicografía especializada se presenta a su vez complementada por unos fundamentos prácticos y una propuesta metodológica concreta para la elaboración de diccionarios activos de especialidad, mostrándose aquí como resultado el tipo de entrada lexicográfica a obtener, desarrollada siempre y necesariamente en base a unos usuarios y a unas necesidades comunicativas específicas. The present article aims to put forward in a progressive and sequential but also integrated manner a theoretical-practical approach for the development of specialised dictionaries from an active perspective focused on the user, on his/her needs and in accordance with current terminographical research, linguistic-communicative in nature. This will lead to the final adoption of the label “specialised lexicography” to make reference to the theoreticalmethodological foundations that rule or should rule the development of such speciality dictionaries. With this aim in mind and from a theoretical perspective, the three main pillars on which specialised lexicography is sustained have been analysed, namely, (1) specialised languages, (2) terminology, understood here from the Communicative Theory of Terminology (Cabré 1999) and (3) corpus linguistics as the necessary means for the analysis of terms in use. At the same time, the theoretical perspective is presented in conjunction with a series of practical foundations and a specific methodological proposal for the elaboration of specialised active dictionaries. The kind of results to be obtained have been illustrated in the present study with a sample, real lexicographical entry, always developed on the basis of prospective users and specific communicative needs.

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Spain
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Keywords

Communicative Theory of Terminology, lenguajes de especialidad, Teoría Comunicativa de la Terminología, diccionario activo, terminology, active dictionary, specialised lexicography, specialised languages, corpus, lexicografía especializada, terminología

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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