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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Free tuition in the Chilean higher education system

Authors: Bishkov, Lyuben; Cabezas, Nicolás; Mariano, Mariana Negreiros;

Free tuition in the Chilean higher education system

Abstract

Las políticas de gratuidad buscan ampliar el acceso a la educación superior, aunque sus efectos más amplios siguen siendo objeto de debate. La reforma de Gratuidad implementada en Chile en el año 2016 eliminó el arancel universitario para estudiantes pertenecientes a los seis primeros deciles socioeconómicos. Utilizando registros administrativos, estimamos el efecto intención-de-tratamiento de la gratuidad sobre la matrícula y la deserción, mediante un diseño de diferencias-en-diferencias y modelos de riesgo discreto. La elegibilidad se asocia a un aumento de 4 puntos porcentuales en la matrícula universitaria inmediata y de 9 puntos en la matrícula diferida. Mientras que el primer efecto se ve compensado por disminuciones en instituciones no adheridas, el segundo refleja un crecimiento neto en la matrícula. Una vez matriculados, la deserción en el primer año disminuye entre 3 y 5 puntos porcentuales, con efectos decrecientes en los años posteriores. Un análisis de descomposición de entropía de Theil revela un aumento no intencionado de la segregación institucional inducido por la política: estudiantes de mayores ingresos tienden a concentrarse en universidades fuera del alcance de la reforma, mientras que sus pares de menores ingresos se agrupan en instituciones cubiertas por ella.

Free tuition policies aim to expand access, but their broader effects remain debated. Chile’s 2016 Gratuidad reform made university free for students in the lowest six income deciles. Using administrative records, we estimate its intention-to-treat impact on enrollment and dropout rates via staggered difference-in-differences and discrete-time hazard models. Eligibility leads to a 4 percentage point increase in on-time university enrollment and a 9-point increase in deferred enrollment. While the former gains are offset by declines at non-participating institutions, the latter reflects net enrollment growth. Once enrolled, first-year dropout falls by 3–5 points, with smaller effects in later years. A Theil-entropy decomposition reveals an unintended, policy-induced increase in institutional segregation, as higher-income students increasingly enroll in non-covered universities while lower-income students concentrate in those included in the policy.

Treball fi de màster de: Master's Degree in Specialized Economic Analysis: Economics of Public Policy Program. Curs 2024-2025

Tutors: Ada Ferrer-i-Carbonell; Joan Llull

Country
Spain
Keywords

Free tuition, Enrollment, Dropout, Deserción, Segregation, Treball de fi de màster – Curs 2024-2025, Gratuidad, Segregación, Matrícula

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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