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Trastornos neuropsicológicos y del neurodesarrollo en el prematuro

Authors: Narberhaus, Ana; Segarra, Dolors;

Trastornos neuropsicológicos y del neurodesarrollo en el prematuro

Abstract

El niño prematuro presenta unas manifestaciones morfológicas y funcionales características de su propia inmadurez, que le predisponen a presentar una serie de complicaciones precoces o tardías, siendo la más frecuente la enfermedad de la membrana hialina que produce asfixia perinatal. Ésta puede generar hemorragias intraventriculares y periventriculares. Hay muy pocos estudios sobre la evolución posterior de estos sujetos. En cuanto al neurodesarrollo, los prematuros sin complicaciones presentan en la etapa neonatal una reducción de la sustancia gris cortical, un aumento de los ventrículos laterales y una afectación de la sustancia blanca que se hace más evidente en edades más avanzadas. A los 3-8 años principalmente se observa déficit en el coeficiente de inteligencia, y a los 14-15 se suma la lectura y el cálculo. Por otro lado el prematuro con complicaciones presenta dilatación ventricular, leucomalacia periventricular y atrofia de algunas estructuras subcorticales. En la infancia y a los 13 años se observan dificultades en el rendimiento cognitivo general y en algunas habilidades específicas como la memoria. Ante la escasez de datos, proponemos un estudio neuropsicológico y de neuroimagen exhaustivo y a largo plazo, que muestre las consecuencias de la prematuridad asociada o no a complicaciones.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

CDU::1 - Filosofía y psicología::159.9 - Psicología, Neuropsicología

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
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