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Enfermedad mental en mujeres embarazadas

Authors: Guimarães, Fernanda Jorge; Santos, Francyelle Juliany Da Silva; Leite, Antônio Flaudiano Bem; Holanda, Viviane Rolim De; Sousa, Girliani Silva De; Perrelli, Jaqueline Galdino Albuquerque;

Enfermedad mental en mujeres embarazadas

Abstract

Introducción: La gestación es un período en la vida de la mujer que la expone a diversos cambios físicos y psíquicos. Es en este momento de su vida cuandola mujer es más susceptible a desarrollar trastornos mentales, los cuales pueden estar relacionados conbajo nivel de escolaridad y / o socioeconómico, ser del sexo femenino, estar soltero o separado, no tener empleo, ser fumadora, alcoholicay tener antecedentes familiares de enfermedad mental.Objetivo:Analizar la ocurrencia de trastornos mentales en gestantes y los factores asociados al mismo.Método:Estudio transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo. La población del estudio fue constituida por gestantes registradas en Unidades de Salud de la Familia. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó el cuestionario con datos de identificación de las participantes y el cuestionario Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó una frecuencia absoluta y relativa, como también la prueba de chi-cuadrado sin corrección, prueba de chi-cuadrado de tendencia con extensión de Mantel-Haenzel y la prueba de chi-cuadrado con corrección de yates para analizar la asociación entre la enfermedad mental y las variables socio demográficas, gestacionales y de salud. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Federal de Pernambuco (CAAE 64945317.1.0000.5208).Resultados: La proporción de sugerenciade enfermedad mental en gestantes fue de 31,9% y estuvo asociada con estar soltera, haber estudiado hasta la enseñanza básica, no haber planeado el embarazo y tener enfermedad crónica. Conclusiones: Por lo tanto, la enfermedad mental identificada en las gestantes participantes del estudio puede estar asociada a variables estado civil, escolaridad, planificación del embarazo y tener enfermedad crónica.

RESUMO: Introdução: a gestação é um período na vida da mulher que a expõe a diversas alterações físicas e psíquicas. É neste momento de sua vida que a mulher esta mais susceptível a desenvolver transtornos mentais, os quais podem estar relacionados a baixo nível de escolaridade e/ou socioeconômico, ser do sexo feminino, estar solteiro ou separado, não ter emprego, ser tabagista, etilista e ter história familiar de doença mental.Objetivo:analisar a ocorrência de adoecimento mental em gestantes e os fatores associados ao mesmo.Método:estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa.A população do estudo foi constituída por gestantes cadastradas em Unidades de Saúde da Família. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizado questionário com dados de identificação das participantes e o questionário Self-Reporting Questionnaire(SRQ-20). Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se frequência absoluta e relativa, como também o teste de qui-quadrado sem correção, testede qui-quadrado de tendência com extensão de Mantel-Haenzel e o teste de qui-quadrado com correção de yates para analisar a associação entre o adoecimento mental e as variáveis sócio-demográficas, gestacionais e de saúde. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAAE 64945317.1.0000.5208).Resultados: a proporção de sugestão de adoecimento mental em gestantes foi de 31,9% e esteve associada com estar solteira, ter estudado até o ensino fundamental, não ter planejado a gravidez e possuir doença crônica.Conclusões: portanto, o adoecimento mental identificado nas gestantes participantes do estudo pode estar associado a variáveis estado civil, escolaridade, planejamento da gravidez e possuir doença crônica.

ABSTRACT:Introduction:Gestation is a period in the life of the woman that exposes her to various physical and psychic changes. It is at this point in her life that a woman is more likely to develop mentaldisorders, which may be related to low level of schooling and/or socioeconomic status, being female, being single or separated, having no job, being a smoker, and have a family history of mental illness.Objective:to analyze the occurrence of mental illness in pregnant women and the associated factors.Method:cross-sectional study with quantitative approach. The study population consisted of pregnant women enrolled in Family Health Units. To collect the data, a questionnaire was used with identification data of the participants and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Absolute and relative frequency were used to analyze the data, as well as the chi-square test without correction, chi-square test with Mantel-Haenzel extension and the chi-square test with yacht correction to analyze the association between mental illness and socio-demographic, gestational and health variables. Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Pernambuco (CAAE 64945317.1.0000.5208).Results:the proportion of suggestion of mental illness in pregnant women was 31.9% and was associated with being single, having studied until elementary school, not having planned pregnancy and having a chronic illness.Conclusions:therefore, the mental illness identified in pregnant women participating in the study may be associated with variables marital status, schooling, pregnancy planning, andchronic illness.

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Keywords

trastornos mentales, Gestantes, CDU::6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina::614 - Higiene y salud pública. Contaminación. Prevención de accidentes. Enfermería, Mujeres embarazadas, Pregnant women, Mental disorders, Transtornos mentais, mental disorders, salud mental, gestantes, transtornos mentais, Trastornos mentales, saúde mental, mujeres embarazadas, :6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina::614 - Higiene y salud pública. Contaminación. Prevención de accidentes. Enfermería [CDU], pregnant women, mental health

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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