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Violencia de usuarios hacia profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios en Servicios de Urgencias Hospitalarias. Estudio transversal descriptivo-comparativo

Authors: Pina, David; Cánovas Pallarés, Juan Manuel; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; Galián Muñoz, Inmaculada; Pardo Ríos, Manuel; Llor Esteban, Bartolomé; Puente López, Esteban;

Violencia de usuarios hacia profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios en Servicios de Urgencias Hospitalarias. Estudio transversal descriptivo-comparativo

Abstract

OBJETIVO: La violencia laboral es un problema de Salud Pública que afecta a profesionales de los Servicios de Urgencias Hospitalarias, siendo este entorno donde existe una intensa interacción con los pacientes usuarios y/o familiares que precisan cuidados críticos y/o especiales. Con ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la exposición a la violencia de los usuarios percibida por los distintos profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios de los Servicios de Urgencias pertenecientes a once hospitales españoles. METODOS: El diseño fue una estrategia asociativa, de corte transversal, resultando un estudio descriptivo-comparativo, desarrollado en 2019, con una muestra de 584 profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios de once servicios españoles de Urgencias Hospitalarias de ocho comunidades autónomas españolas. Se utilizaron estadísticos no paramétricos para las comparaciones entre grupo, análisis post-hoc y el cálculo de la magnitud del efecto. RESULTADOS: El 100% de los encuestados reconocieron haber sufrido violencia laboral al menos una vez en el último año. Específicamente, en cuanto a violencia no física, al menos ocho de cada diez profesionales estuvieron expuestos (rango 85,1%-100%). El grupo que más percibió esta violencia fue administración, seguidos de los profesionales sanitarios de enfermería y medicina, así como de los técnicos de cuidados auxiliares de enfermería (T.C.A.E) (H=28,881; p=0,001). Por otro lado, las manifestaciones de violencia física afectaron aproximadamente a tres de cada diez profesionales (rango 22,6%-29,5%), estando más presente en T.C.A.E y seguidos de los profesionales sanitarios de medicina y enfermería, así como de los profesionales no sanitarios, celadores y administración (H=9,800; p=0,05). CONCLUSIONES: Nuestro estudio evidencia la alta prevalencia de conductas violentas de media o baja intensidad en los servicios de Urgencias y Emergencias españoles. Además, permite profundizar en las distintas manifestaciones de violencia recibidas por los principales grupos profesionales de estos servicios.

OBJECTIVE: Workplace violence is a public health problem that affects professionals in the hospital emergency services, being this environment where there is an intense interaction with users and / or relatives who require critical and / or special care. Given this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure to user violence perceived by different health and non-health professionals in Emergency Services belonging to eleven Spanish hospitals. METHODS: The design was an associative, descriptive-comparative cross-sectional strategy developed in 2019 with a sample of 584 healthcare and non-healthcare professionals from eleven Spanish hospital emergency services in eight Spanish autonomous communities. Non-parametric statistics were used for between-group comparisons, post-hoc analysis and the calculation of the effect size. RESULTS: 100% of respondents acknowledged having suffered workplace violence at least once in the last year. Specifically, at least eight out of every ten professionals were exposed to non-physical violence (range 85.1%-100%). The group that most perceived this violence was administration, followed by nursing, medicine and auxiliary nursing care technician (T.C.A.E) (H=28.881; p=0.001). While the manifestations of physical violence affected approximately three out of ten professionals (range 22.6%-29.5%), it is more present in the Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians (T.C.A.E), followed by medical and nursing health professionals, as well as non-health professionals, orderlies and administration (H=9.800; p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the high prevalence of a medium or low intensity violent behavior in spanish Emergency Services. In addition, it allows to deepen in the different manifestations of violence received by the main professional groups of these services.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Non healthcare professionals, Violencia de usuarios, Urgencias Hospitalarias, Hospital Emergency Department, Violencia laboral, User violence, Non-healthcare professionals, Aggression, Spain, Workplace violence, Profesionales sanitarios, Objetivo 3: Salud, Health professionals, Objetivo 8: Crecimiento económico, Profesionales no sanitarios, Objetivo 16: Paz y justicia, Agresión

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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