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Modelo hidrológico distribuído urbano com poucos parâmetros

Authors: Silveira, André Luiz Lopes da; Desbordes, Michel;

Modelo hidrológico distribuído urbano com poucos parâmetros

Abstract

This paper presents an urban rainfall-runoff model which accepts distributed inputs of precipitation, considers urban and suburban land cover types, and a transfer by a square-mesh grid to simulate flood events in urbanized watersheds. The model generates automatically a non-linear time-area histogram for the spatially averaged precipitation that simulates the translation of the net distributed rainfall. The transfer process is completed by a linear reservoir to represent the temporary storage of overland and channel flows. The rainfall abstractions are calculated pixel by pixel. Within urban areas all rainfall infiltrates into permeable terrain and runoff is generated only from impervious areas. In suburban areas the model uses a single infiltration capacity (like a f index). The model has only three parameters: pixel-to-pixel translation surface flow velocity, reservoir constant from the linear reservoir transfer, and suburban infiltration capacity. The distributed model was applied to the urbanized Dilúvio creek basin (Porto Alegre, Brazil) and performed well in the simulation of frequent flood events with limited duration. The parameters displayed a pseudo-linear character varying with characteristics of the precipitation. The non-linear time-area histogram was significant for good hydrographs reproduction.

Este artigo trata de um modelo urbano chuva-vazão que considera a variabilidade espacial da precipitação, da ocupação do solo e dos caminhos de drenagem na geração de eventos de cheia. O modelo gera automaticamente um histograma tempo-área não linear (para a precipitação média) ao aceitar a entrada distribuída da precipitação. O processo de transferência se completa com o modelo do reservatório linear simples para considerar os efeitos do armazenamento temporário na condução do escoamento. A produção hídrica é distribuída pela realização da separação de escoamentos pixel a pixel nas áreas urbanas, considerando as taxas de impermeabilização. Nas áreas suburbanas foi aplicada uma capacidade de infiltração do solo. O modelo foi concebido com apenas três parâmetros: a velocidade de escoamento de pixel a pixel, a constante do modelo reservatório linear simples e a capacidade de infiltração suburbana. Aplicado à bacia semi-urbanizada do arroio Dilúvio em Porto Alegre, o modelo teve bom desempenho na simulação de cheias freqüentes com duração limitada. Os parâmetros revelaram um caráter pseudo-linear em função de características da precipitação. A importância do histograma tempo-área não-linear foi significativa na reprodução das cheias.

Keywords

Área urbana, Dilúvio, Arroio, Bacia do (RS), Modelos hidrológicos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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