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Importância do teste genético na miocardiopatia dilatada : aplicações e desafios na prática clínica

Authors: Lamounier Júnior, Arsonval; Lacerda, Filipe Ferrari Ribeiro de; Faria, Renato Max; Ritt, Luiz Eduardo Fonteles; Stein, Ricardo;

Importância do teste genético na miocardiopatia dilatada : aplicações e desafios na prática clínica

Abstract

A miocardiopatia dilatada (MCD) é uma síndrome caracterizada por dilatação ventricular esquerda e disfunção contrátil, sendo considerada a causa mais comum de insuficiência cardíaca em adultos jovens. O uso do sequenciamento de nova geração tem contribuído com a descoberta de uma grande quantidade de dados genômicos relacionados à MCD, identificando mutações que envolvem genes que codificam proteínas do citoesqueleto, sarcômero e canais iônicos, os quais são responsáveis por aproximadamente 40% dos casos classificados como MCD idiopática. Nesse cenário, geneticistas e especialistas em genética cardiovascular passaram a atuar em conjunto, agregando conhecimento e estabelecendo diagnósticos mais precisos. No entanto, é fundamental interpretar corretamente os resultados genéticos, sendo necessário criar e fomentar equipes multidisciplinares dedicadas à gestão e análise das informações coletadas. Nesta revisão, abordamos os fatores genéticos associados à MCD, aspectos prognósticos, além de discutirmos como o emprego dos testes genéticos, quando bem indicados, pode ser útil na tomada de decisão na prática clínica dos cardiologistas.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a clinical syndrome characterized by left ventricular dilatation and contractile dysfunction. It is the most common cause of heart failure in young adults. The advent of next-generation sequencing has contributed to the discovery of a large amount of genomic data related to DCM. Mutations involving genes that encode cytoskeletal proteins, the sarcomere, and ion channels account for approximately 40% of cases previously classified as idiopathic DCM. In this scenario, geneticists and cardiovascular genetics specialists have begun to work together, building knowledge and establishing more accurate diagnoses. However, proper interpretation of genetic results is essential and multidisciplinary teams dedicated to the management and analysis of the obtained information should be considered. In this review, we approach genetic factors associated with DCM and their prognostic relevance and discuss how the use of genetic testing, when well recommended, can help cardiologists in the decision-making process.

Keywords

Heart dransplantation, Insuficiência cardíaca, Heart dailure, Genetic desting/methods, Cardiomyopathy, dilated/genetics, Transplante de coração, Cardiomiopatia dilatada, Disfunção ventricular esquerda, Testes genéticos, Ventricular dysfunction

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green