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Modelos mentales y modelos conceptuales en la enseñanza & aprendizaje de las ciencias

Authors: Moreira, Marco Antonio; Greca, Ileana María; Palmero, Mª Luz Rodríguez;

Modelos mentales y modelos conceptuales en la enseñanza & aprendizaje de las ciencias

Abstract

Los modelos mentales son análogos estructurales de estados de cosas, eventos u objetos, del mundo. Las personas operan cognitivamente con modelos mentales. Entender un sistema físico o un fenómeno natural, por ejemplo, implica tener un modelo mental del sistema que le permite a la persona que lo construye explicarlo y hacer previsiones con respecto a él. Los modelos conceptuales, por otro lado, son modelos proyectados por científicos, ingenieros, profesores, para facilitar la comprensión y la enseñanza de sistemas físicos o de fenómenos naturales. Es decir, profesores y alumnos trabajan con modelos mentales, pero intentan enseñar y aprender modelos conceptuales. Los científicos, en general, diseñan modelos conceptuales, pero lo hacen a través de sus modelos mentales. Desafortunadamente, en la práctica, la relación entre modelos conceptuales y modelos mentales no es directa y simple, como se podría pensar, y eso tiene relevantes implicaciones para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Físicas y Naturales, así como para la investigación en enseñanza y en aprendizaje de las ciencias.

Mental models are structural analogues of state of affairs, events or objects, of the world. People operate cognitively with mental models. The understanding of a physical system, for instance, implies the construction of a mental model which provides for explanation and prediction regarding such a system. Conceptual models, on the other hand, are models designed by scientists, engineers, teachers in order to facilitate the understanding and the teaching of physical sistems or natural phenomena. That is, teachers and students operate with mental models, but they try to teach and to learn conceptual models. Scientists, in general, design conceptual models, however, they do it through their mental models. Unfortunately, in practice, the relationship between conceptual models and mental models is not direct and simple as we could think and this has relevant implications for the teaching and learning of physical and natural sciences, as well as for research in science education.

Keywords

Ensino de ciências, Mental models, Conceptual models, LC8-6691, Theory and practice of education, Modelos mentais, Science teaching, Modelos mentales, Special aspects of education, Enseñanza de las ciencias, LB5-3640, Modelos conceptuales

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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gold