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Aspectos epidemiológicos e patológicos da endocardite bacteriana em cães: 54 casos (2000-2005)

Authors: Spagnol, Camila; Loretti, Alexandre Paulino; Oliveira, Eduardo Conceição de; Oliveira, Rosemari Teresinha de; Driemeier, David;

Aspectos epidemiológicos e patológicos da endocardite bacteriana em cães: 54 casos (2000-2005)

Abstract

Bacterial Endocarditis (BE) is a septic inflammation of the valvular and/or mural endocardium. Because of nonspecific clinical signs, the antemortem diagnosis of BE in dogs is difficult. Based on a 6-year review of the records of the Section of Veterinary Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, this disease was studied retrospectively. From 2000 to 2005, 54 cases of EB were diagnosed in dogs at necropsy corresponding to 1.72% of the total number of dogs necropsied during this period. The median age of the affected animals was 8.2 years. Males were more frequently affected than females (32/54 versus 22/54). The disease was most commonly observed in purebred dogs (37/54), the German Shepherd Dog and the Fila Brasileiro being the two canine breeds most frequently affected. The mitral valve was the most commonly affected valve (50/54). In 42 out of 54 cases, a potential portal of entry of bacteria was identified. Ulcerated/inflamed skin lesions were the most common portal of entry for these microorganisms (31/42). In some cases (10/31), skin wounds were infested by screwworm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax) larvae (myiases), and there was frank bacterial contamination of these lesions. Betahemolytic streptococci were the most frequent bacterium cultured from blood samples collected at necropsy (6/17). Infarcts in multiple organs and tissues (arterial tromboembolism) were present in 46 dogs (46/54), the kidney and spleen being the most frequently affected (38/46 and 24/46, respectively). The epidemiological data and pathological findings presented in this study would help local veterinary practitioners in the clinical diagnosis of EB.

Endocardite Bacteriana (EB) é a inflamação séptica do endocárdio valvular e/ou mural. É uma doença de diagnóstico ante-mortem difícil devido ao quadro clínico inespecífico. A partir da consulta dos arquivos do Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo sobre a EB canina em um período de 6 anos. De 2000 a 2005, 54 casos da doença foram diagnosticados à necropsia correspondendo a 1,72% do total de cães necropsiados nesse período. A idade média dos animais afetados foi de 8,2 anos. Machos (32/54) foram mais afetados do que fêmeas (22/54). A doença foi observada principalmente em cães de raça (37/54) sendo Pastor Alemão (9/54) e Fila Brasileiro (8/54) as raças mais acometidas. A válvula mitral foi a mais afetada (50/54). Na maior parte dos casos (42/54), uma possível porta de entrada para as bactérias foi identificada. A origem da infeccção bacteriana usualmente eram lesões cutâneas ulceradas e inflamadas (31/42). Em parte dos casos (10/31), essas feridas de pele estavam infestadas por larvas da mosca Cochliomyia hominivorax (miíases) e apresentavam evidente contaminação bacteriana. Streptococcus beta-hemolítico foi a bactéria mais freqüentemente cultivada de amostras de sangue colhidas à necropsia (6/17). Tromboembolismo arterial, evidenciado pela presença de infartos em múltiplos órgãos e tecidos, foi observado na maioria dos cães (46/54) sendo o rim (38/46) e o baço (24/46) os órgãos mais afetados. Os dados epidemiológicos e achados patológicos apresentados nesse estudo visam auxiliar no diagnóstico clínico da EB.

Keywords

Endocardite bacteriana, Cardiopathy, Dogs, Endocarditis, Bacteria, Patologia veterinaria : Caes, Tromboembolism, Septicemia, Tromboembolismo

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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