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Clinical and Biomedical Research
Article . 2022
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Endometriose

Authors: Passos, Eduardo Pandolfi; Freitas, Fernando; Cunha Filho, João Sabino Lahorgue da; Facin, Andrea Cintra; Souza, Carlos Augusto Bastos de; Salazar, Cristiano Caetano;
Abstract

Endometriosis is characterized by the dissemination of glands and endometrial stroma to ectopic sites in the uterine cavity and musculature. It is a contrasting disease that presents no association between clinical status and quantity of lesions. Some of the patients present asymptomatic, whereas others present diverse manifestation of clinical status characterized by pelvic pain, infertility, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. The etiopathogeny of endometriosis is uncertain, and the most widely known hypotheses are related to celomic metaplasia, to transplantation, and to induction. The diagnosis of endometriosis is usually carried out through laparoscopy, in which case the identification of typical lesions confirms the diagnosis. Treatment for endometriosis includes induction of a pseudopregnancy state. There are many drugs that can be used to induce pregnancy, such as progestational hormones, derived forms of androgen, birth-control medication, and analogous forms of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Endometriosis can also be surgically treated with a conservative procedure of cauterization and/or resection of the lesions. Cases of endometriosis that are more resistant or that occur in patients who are not worried about their fertility can be managed with more aggressive surgical procedures such as hysterectomy, for example. Infertility is treated with techniques of assisted reproduction in cases associated with anatomical factors. In all forms of treatment there is a relatively high incidence of recurrence and failure, in which case different therapeutic options should be employed.

Endometriose é caracterizada pela presença de glândulas e estroma endometrial fora da cavidade e musculatura uterinas. É uma doença de contrastes, onde não há associação entre a intensidade do quadro clínico e a quantidade das lesões. Uma parcela das pacientes são assintomáticas, com a outra porção variando na apresentação do quadro clínico que é caracterizado por dor pélvica, infertilidade, dismenorréia e dispareunia. Não existe até o momento uma etiopatogenia definida para a endometriose e as teorias mais conhecidas envolvem a metaplasia celômica, os implantes ectópicos e a indução de células multipotenciais. O diagnóstico da endometriose normalmente é realizado através da laparoscopia, onde a identificação de lesões características firma o diagnóstico. O tratamento pressupõe um estado de pseudogestação. Há diversas medicações que produzem esse efeito como os progestágenos, os derivados androgênicos, os anticoncepcionais e os análogos do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GnRH). Outra forma de tratamento é o cirúrgico conservador onde há cauterização e/ou ressecção das lesões. Os casos mais resistentes ou onde não existe mais preocupação com fertilidade podem ser manejados com tratamentos cirúrgicos mais agressivos como a histerectomia. A infertilidade é tratada com técnicas de reprodução assistida quando há fator anatômico associado. Em todas as formas de tratamento há um índice relativamente alto de recorrências e falhas a determinados tipos de tratamento, que devem ser manejados com outras opções terapêuticas.

Keywords

Líquido ascítico, Endometriosis, R, infertilidade, laparoscopia, Infertilidade, Peritoneal fluid, Laparoscopia, fluido peritoneal, Infertility, Medicine, Laparoscopy, Endometriose

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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