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Clinical and Biomedical Research
Article . 2022
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TRATAMENTO MEDICAMENTOSO ORAL DA HIPERGLICEMIA NO DIABETE MELITO TIPO 2

Authors: Gross, Jorge Luiz; Silveiro, Sandra Pinho; Leitão, Cristiane Bauermann; Coester, Ariane;

TRATAMENTO MEDICAMENTOSO ORAL DA HIPERGLICEMIA NO DIABETE MELITO TIPO 2

Abstract

Dieta, exercício e redução de peso são a base do tratamento do diabete melito (DM) tipo 2, uma vez que a maioria desses pacientes são obesos. No entanto, a maior parte dos indivíduos não consegue atingir e manter um controle glicêmico adequado apenas com estas medidas, sendo freqüentemente necessária a prescrição de tratamento farmacológico complementar. As drogas orais para o tratamento do DM tipo 2 são divididas em 5 classes principais: as sulfoniluréias, as biguanidas, as tiazolidinedionas, os inibidores da alfa-glicosidase e as glinidas. Estudos de fase II estão atualmente em curso, avaliando a eficácia e a segurança de novas drogas. A Metformina, representante das biguanidas, é a droga com o melhor perfil de ação, uma vez que além de controlar a glicemia, também diminui o apetite, causa diminuição do peso (ou evita seu aumento) e, sobretudo, é a única droga que promove redução de mortalidade. Dados principais sobre as indicações, mecanismos de ação e efeitos colaterais das drogas mencionadas estão descritos por categoria nesta revisão.

Diet, exercise and weight reduction are the cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment, since most of these patients are obese. However, the majority of the individuals is not able to achieve and mantain a satisfactory glycemic control employing only these strategies, and the prescription of complementary pharmacological treatment is often necessary. The available oral agents for type 2 diabetes treatment are divided in 5 main classes: sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, alfa-glucosidase inhibitors and glinides. Phase II studies are presently in course, evaluating the safety and efficacy of new drugs. Metformin belongs to biguanides’ class, and is the drug with the best profile, since not only it lowers glycemia, but it also reduces appetite and weight, and , most of all, it is the only drug that diminishes mortality rates. Data regarding indications, mechanisms of action and adverse effects of the above mentioned drugs are describe in the present review.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Glycemic control, Tratamento DM 2, R, Medicine, hipoglicemiantes orais, Carboidratos e agentes hipoglicemiantes, controle glicêmico, Type 2 DM treatment,, Oral hypoglycemic agents,

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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