Energy and exergy are unifying concepts that span all sciences, and are of fundamental importance in issues of social concern such as climate change and environment, and use of energy resources.In this special issue entitled Recent Advances in Exergy Research, we present a selection of papers aiming to provide the reader with a cross-section of the work devoted to exergy and energy analysis. The guest editors wish to thank all authors that contributed to this special issue, as well as the international referees that reviewed the manuscripts and gave valuable advices.