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Seismicity and seismic hazard assessment in the Azores

Authors: Figueiredo, João Guilherme Fontiela;

Seismicity and seismic hazard assessment in the Azores

Abstract

The peculiar geodynamic framework of the Azores is responsible by the high number of events of low magnitude, despite several earthquakes of M≥5 or maximum intensity ≥VII that in the past affected the islands of the Central and Eastern groups. Thus, the seismic hazard is considerable and the study of the seismicity is a challenge to the scientific community. This thesis, which comprises four papers published and one submitted, is a comprehensive study of the seismicity and seismic hazard in the Azores. The analysis of the seismicity using b-value of frequency-magnitude distribution reveals a general decrease trend from west to east. The high b-values could be within the volcanic activity, thermal anomalies or hydrothermal activity while the low b-values are certainly related with the increase of effective stress. In the scope of the seismic hazard assessment we identify 11 seismogenic zones where the b-values ranges from 1.57 in the Middle Atlantic Ridge to 0.72 in the seismogenic zone of Terceira Island. We select maximum observed intensity (MOI) maps to assess the maximum ground shaking using historical and instrumental seismicity since this analysis is performed with MOI. Still, in the seismic hazard, we estimate human losses caused by possible earthquakes in the future on a volcanic island, although the difficulties inherent to the geological heterogeneities. The last two topics (MOI maps and human losses) were a pioneer work since they were applied for the first time in the Azores, therefore contributing to mitigate the seismic hazard in the Azores region; Sismicidade e avaliação da perigosidade sísmica nos Açores Resumo: Devido ao peculiar contexto geodinâmico dos Açores a sismicidade é elevada, apesar da baixa magnitude dos eventos. Vários sismos de M≥5 ou intensidade máxima ≥VII afectaram as ilhas dos grupos Central e Oriental no passado. Assim, a perigosidade sísmica é considerável e o estudo da sismicidade é um desafio para a comunidade científica. Esta tese compreende quatro artigos publicados e um outro submetido é um estudo abrangente sobre a sismicidade e a perigosidade sísmica nos Açores. A análise da sismicidade, usando o valor-b da distribuição da frequência-magnitude, revela uma tendência geral de diminuição de oeste para o leste. Os valores elevados do b podem ser devido à actividade vulcânica, à presença de anomalias térmicas ou à actividade hidrotermal, enquanto os valores baixos estão relacionados com o aumento das tensões efectivas. No âmbito da avaliação da perigosidade sísmica, identificamos 11 zonas sismogénicas cujos valores-b variam entre 1,57 na Crista Média Atlântica e 0,72 na zona sismogénica que referente à ilha Terceira. Utilizamos os mapas de máxima intensidade observada (IMO) para avaliar os movimentos fortes do solo, recorrendo à IMO quer para o período de sismicidade histórica quer instrumental. Ainda no domínio da perigosidade sísmica, apesar das dificuldades inerentes às heterogeneidades geológicas, estimamos as perdas humanas causadas por futuros sismos numa ilha vulcânica. De referir que os dois últimos tópicos (mapas IMO e estimativa das perdas humanas) são uma novidade, uma vez que foram aplicados pela primeira vez nos Açores, contribuindo para mitigar a perigosidade sísmica na região.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Zonas sismogénicas, Seismicidade, Seismicity, Seismogenic zones, Maximum observed intensity, Human losses estimation, Intensidade máximas observadas, Perigosidade sísmica, Estimativa de perdas humanas, Seismic hazard

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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