
handle: 10174/11513
Os ataques químicos, causados por fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos constituem algumas das principais formas de deterioração do betão. Nesta dissertação pretende-se analisar as consequências de determinadas reações químicas de origem interna e/ou externa, nomeadamente as ações das águas doce e do mar e por ácidos inorgânicos e orgânicos na degradação do betão. Analisar-se-ão também os ataques por sulfatos e por nitratos, por sais de magnésio e por agentes bioquímicos, abordando-se ainda a corrosão das armaduras e por fim as reações expansivas internas. O presente trabalho surge com o intuito de fazer uma descrição dos principais tipos de ataques químicos, tenham estes origem no ambiente envolvente às estruturas ou decorram de ações antrópicas, de forma a induzir uma maior consciencialização para as suas causas e principalmente para os seus efeitos a curto e longo prazos nas estruturas de betão armado; ### Abstract: Chemical attack in concrete. Chemical attacks caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors are some of the major forms of deterioration of concrete. This dissertation aims to analise the consequences of certain chemical reactions of domestic and/or external origin, including the actions of the ocean and fresh water, as well as inorganic and organic acids in the degradation of concrete. This analysis will also focus the attacks by sulfates and nitrates, magnesium salts and biochemical agents, addressing the corrosion of the reinforcement concrete and finally the internal expansive reactions. This paper aims to formulate a description of the main types of chemical attacks, whether their origin is in the surrounding structures or a result of anthropic actions, in order to induce a greater awareness for their causes and effects in the short and long term in reinforced concrete structures.
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