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Earnings management and CEO characteristics

Authors: Gonçalves, Liliana Isabel Teixeira da Costa Saraiva;

Earnings management and CEO characteristics

Abstract

O problema de agência reflecte uma separação entre o controlo e a propriedade da empresa. Esta separação criou um problema de monitorização, pois o agente (gestor) que controla a empresa tem acesso a mais informação do que o principal (investidor) que é proprietário da empresa. Este problema incentivou a que os gestores se focassem mais na performance a curto prazo que no valor da empresa no longo prazo. Utilizando dados financeiros retirados do Datastream e informação relativa aos CEOs, recolhida manualmente dos relatórios anuais de contas e press-releases, para uma amostra de 19 empresas cotadas portuguesas e para os anos fiscais de 2005 a 2009, é analisada a relação entre a manipulação de resultados e quatro características do CEO: idade, educação, tempo esperado até ao fim do mandato e dualidade de papéis. Os resultados mostram que existe uma influência positiva das características idade e dualidade no comportamento de manipulação de resultados. Mostram também que o facto de a educação dos CEOs ser nas áreas de gestão ou finanças leva a que estes pratiquem mais manipulação dos resultados, contudo neste caso não existe evidência suficiente. Ao contrário do que era esperado os resultados mostram que a manipulação não está relacionada positivamente com o facto de o CEO estar no seu último ano de mandato na empresa.

The agency problem between managers and outside investors reflects a separation between the firm’s control and ownership. This separation created a monitoring problem as the agent who controls the firm has access to more information than the principal that owns the firm. This problem stimulated managers to focus more on shortterm performance and current benefits rather than on long-term firm value. Using financial data from Datastream and hand-collected information on CEO’s characteristics from annual reports and press releases, for 19 listed Portuguese firms and for the fiscal years 2005 to 2009, this study investigates the relationship between earnings management and four CEO’s characteristics: age, education, expected tenure and dual role in firm. Results indicate a positive influence of CEO’s age and duality characteristics on earnings management behavior. It was also detected that CEOs with education on management or finance fields practice more earnings management, although this result is not robust. Contrary to what was expected it was discovered that earnings management is not positively related to the fact of the CEO being in his last year’s mandate before turnover.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Earnings smoothness, Earnings management, Uso discricionário da informação, CEO characteristics, Alisamento dos resultados, Características do CEO, Manipulação de resultados, Discretionary use of information

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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