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Selecção natural: Concursos de Arquitectura e o caso de Sagres de 1954

Authors: Mónica, Filipe Nassauer;

Selecção natural: Concursos de Arquitectura e o caso de Sagres de 1954

Abstract

The theoretical debate on architectural competitions in Portugal has predominantly followed two distinct and often dissociated perspectives. On one hand, there is a focus on the operational aspects of the competition, centered on its process, which aligns with the corporate thinking of architects. On the other hand, the focus shifts to the projects and works that emerge from these procedures, where the competition functions as an indirect complement to disciplinary historiography and theory. This research bridges these two approaches, positioning the competition process itself as a central element while exploring its role as a tool for cultural construction and sedimentation. The study draws on the exploration of the archive of the Competitions Service of the Southern Regional Section of the Portuguese Architects’ Association – a repository encompassing decades of thought and practice related to competition organization. This archive provides the basis for an indepth theoretical reflection that, while maintaining a focus on competitions, extends beyond architecture’s conventional disciplinary theoretical boundaries. Grounded in the work of Hannah Arendt, the research examines the architectural competition as an instrumental institution for the renewal of the world. It then engages with other disciplines, such as sociology and evolutionary theory, to frame key issues in competitions, including merit and selection. A foundational case study of the 1954 Sagres competition supports the conclusions, challenging contemporary perspectives on competitions, which are often predicated on mechanisms like meritocracy and natural selection.

O debate teórico sobre os concursos de arquitectura em Portugal tem seguido sobretudo duas abordagens, geralmente dissociadas. Por um lado, a que se centra nas questões operativas do concurso, centrada no seu processo, onde se inscreve a maioria do pensamento corporativo dos arquitectos. Por outro, a que se foca nos projectos e obras que decorrem dos procedimentos, onde o concurso surge como complemento indirecto da historiografia e teoria disciplinares. Este trabalho coloca-se num espaço de confluência entre estas abordagens. Tem o procedimento do concurso como protagonista, olhando para os seus instrumentos, enquanto o aborda como dispositivo de construção e sedimentação cultural. A partir dos resultados da exploração do arquivo do Serviço de Concursos da Secção Regional Sul da Ordem dos Arquitectos, repositório de décadas de pensamento e de trabalho de assessoria à realização de concursos, parte-se para uma aprofundada reflexão teórica que, sem nunca abandonar o foco no concurso, se afasta do estrito campo disciplinar da arquitectura e dos seus comuns suportes teóricos. A partir do trabalho de Hannah Arendt enquadra-se o papel do concurso como instituição instrumental da renovação do mundo, para depois se percorrer um amplo itinerário por disciplinas como a sociologia e a teoria evolutiva, que nos ajudam a enquadrar questões centrais aos concursos, como o mérito e a selecção. As conclusões, às quais se chega com o auxílio de um caso de estudo fundamental – o concurso de Sagres de 1954 –, questionam a validade do pensamento hoje dominante, alicerçado em mecanismos como a meritocracia e a Selecção Natural.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Sagres, Cultura arquitectónica, Monumento ao Infante D. Henrique, Natural selection, Architectural culture, Concursos de Arquitectura, Ordem dos Arquitectos, Monument to prince Henry the navigator in Sagres, Architectural competitions, Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias, Selecção natural, Domínio/Área Científica::Humanidades::Artes

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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