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Playing politics in performance appraisal: Unraveling the intricate role of impression management and the social context

Authors: Diogo, Daniel Alexandre Correia;

Playing politics in performance appraisal: Unraveling the intricate role of impression management and the social context

Abstract

A gestão de d esempenho afeta as carreiras dos trabalhadores e, por isso, esses procuram obter a melhor avaliação de desempenho possível. Esse objetivo motiva os a adotarem comportamentos políticos de forma a colocarem se numa posição mais favorável e manipularem os avaliadores. Reconhece ndo a natureza política da avaliação de desempenho, o contexto social dos que nessa participam, particularmente supervisores e trabalhadores, é um fator determinante das perceções e reações que os trabalhadores manifestam relativamente às avaliações. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como a adoção de comportamentos políticos dentro das denominadas táticas de gestão de impressões (IM) autopromoção, insinuação, exemplificação e suplicação afeta as perceções da existência de política na avaliação de desempenho (OPPA). Adicionalmente, examino o papel mediador da relação entre supervisores e trabalhadores (LMX) nessa dinâmica. Foi distribuído um questionário a trabalhadores antes do período de avaliação de desempenho (N = 203). Os resultados demons tram como a adoção de táticas de gestão de impressão aumentam as perceções da existência política na avaliação de desempenho. Ainda, a mediação da relação entre supervisores e colaboradores depende do tipo de comportamento político. Essa relação contrabala nça o efeito que a autopromoção, insinuação e exemplificação têm nas perceções de política, enquanto o mesmo não se aplica à suplicação. Há, assim, a diferenciação entre as táticas positivas e as táticas negativas, respetivamente, apontando quais são as ma is e menos relevantes no contexto da avaliação de desempenho.

Performance management impacts individuals’ careers and, therefore, employees thrive to get higher scores in their performance appraisal. That desire motivates them to engage in political behavior in a way to put themselves in a better position and manipulate raters. Recognizing the political nature of performance appraisal, the social context of those involved in it, particularly supervisors and employees, is a relevant determinant of the employees’ perceptions and reactions to ratings. This study aims to provide an understanding of how the adoption of political actions in impression management (IM) tactics –self-promotion, ingratiation, exemplification, and supplication– impacts the perceptions of politics in performance appraisal (OPPA). Furthermore, I explore the mediating role of the relationship between supervisors and employees (LMX) in that dynamic. A questionnaire was distributed amongst employees prior to completing their performance appraisal (N = 203). Findings show how adopting IM tactics increases OPPA. In addition, LMX's mediating role in that relationship depends on the type of political behavior. LMX offsets the impact of ingratiation, self-promotion, and exemplification on OPPA, while the same does not apply to supplication. It differentiates the so-called positive tactics from the negative tactics, respectively, dictating which ones are most and least relevant in the performance appraisal context.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão, Impression management, Avaliação do desempenho -- Performance evaluation, Política organizacional, M Business administration and business economics - Marketing - Accounting - Personnel economics, Organizational politics, M54, Leader-member exchange, LMX, L29, L Industrial organization, Gestão de impressão

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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