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A literacia financeira e o comportamento do investidor em Portugal

Authors: Gonçalves, Marta Andrade;

A literacia financeira e o comportamento do investidor em Portugal

Abstract

A literacia financeira desempenha um papel de extrema importância no que respeita à tomada de decisão, especialmente aquela relacionada com o nosso dinheiro e poupanças. Depois de o BCE (Banco Central Europeu) ter publicado um documento em 2022 afirmando que Portugal é o país com os mais baixos níveis de literacia financeira na Zona Euro, o presente estudo foca-se principalmente na compreensão das razões da falta de literacia financeira no nosso país. Com o recurso a um inquérito realizado em Portugal pela CMVM (Comissão do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários) em 2020 relacionado com a literacia financeira, foi analisada a sua influência no comportamento dos investidores e na tomada de decisão, especialmente o nível de aceitação de risco. Foi também importante compreender os hábitos de poupança e planeamento financeiro dos portugueses para concluir se existe uma possível correlação com baixos níveis de literacia financeira. Os resultados revelam que, através da avaliação do conhecimento de conceitos financeiros básicos dos inquiridos, existem mais pessoas não literatas na matéria financeira do que literatas em Portugal. Concluiu-se também que, para rendimentos superiores e maiores níveis de escolaridade, os indivíduos são tendencialmente mais literatos financeiramente. Finalmente, foram encontradas provas que existe correlação entre ser investidor e possuir níveis de conhecimentos financeiros superiores, ou seja, os investidores são mais literatos quando comparados com os não investidores.

Financial literacy plays an extremely important role when it concerns to making important decisions, especially those related to our money and savings. After the ECB (European Central Bank) published a paper in 2022 stating that Portugal is the least financial literate country in the Eurozone, this study focuses mainly on understanding the reasons behind the lack of financial literacy in our country. Using a survey done in Portugal by CMVM (Portuguese Securities Market Commission) in 2020 related to financial literacy it was analysed the influence of financial literacy on the investor behaviour and decision-making, especially the level of risk acceptance. It was also important to comprehend the saving habits and financial planning of the Portuguese to conclude whether there is a possible correlation with low levels of financial literacy. The results show that, by assessing the respondents' knowledge of basic financial concepts, there are more non-literate people in financial matters than literate ones in Portugal. It was also concluded that for higher incomes and higher levels of education, individuals tend to be more financially literate. At last, evidence was found that there is a correlation between being an investor and having higher levels of financial literacy, that is, investors are more literate compared to non-investors.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão, Comportamento do investidor, Portugal, Financial literacy, Literacia financeira, Investimento financeiro, Financial investments, Investor behaviour

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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