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Memória colaborativa: efeito de aprendizagem

Authors: Luís, Pedro Pinto;

Memória colaborativa: efeito de aprendizagem

Abstract

Os mecanismos cognitivos subjacentes ao processo de recordação colaborativa têm recebido cada vez mais atenção na literatura. Um dos resultados mais prevalentes nesta investigação tem sido o efeito de inibição colaborativa. Este efeito consiste no pior desempenho mnésico de grupos colaborativos, por comparação com grupos nominais. Contudo, a possibilidade de os elementos de um grupo colaborativo aprenderem a colaborar entre si, maximizando o seu desempenho mnésico, constitui um processo ainda pouco explorado. Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo experimental, onde 30 grupos colaborativos, sem experiência de colaboração entre si, realizaram três tarefas sucessivas de evocação. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar a evolução do desempenho mnésico dos grupos nos três momentos, analisando também outras medidas individuais e grupais, através de um questionário individual, aplicado após a primeira ou no final da terceira recordação. A principal hipótese proposta é que as estratégias de codificação e recuperação de informação dos elementos do grupo se vão tornando, gradualmente, mais semelhantes entre si e mais funcionais, conduzindo a uma menor disrupção das mesmas e a uma evocação colaborativa mais eficaz. Os resultados indicaram uma melhoria significativa do desempenho dos grupos colaborativos da primeira para a terceira tarefa de recordação. Verificou-se ainda uma diminuição significativa da perceção, por parte dos participantes, da dificuldade cognitiva das tarefas, entre a primeira e a terceira recordação. O presente estudo constitui um contributo teórico e empírico importante para a literatura da memória colaborativa, abrindo caminho para uma exploração mais aprofundada do potencial colaborativo de grupos em diversos contextos.

The cognitive mechanisms underlying collaborative memory have received increasing attention in the literature. One of the most prevalent results of this research has been the collaborative inhibition effect. This effect consists on the worse memory performance of collaborative groups, when compared to nominal groups. However, the possibility that members of a collaborative group can learn how to collaborate with each other, in order to maximize their memory performance, remains rather unexplored. This dissertation presents an experimental study, in which 30 collaborative groups, without previous experience of collaboration among themselves, performed three successive recall tasks. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the evolution of the memory performance of the groups across the three moments, and also to analyze other individual and group measures, through an individual questionnaire, applied after the first or the third recall task. The main hypothesis proposed is that the encoding and retrieval strategies, used by the group elements, would gradually become more similar and functional, leading to less disruption of these strategies and to a more effective collaborative recall. The results indicated a significant improvement in the performance of the collaborative groups from the first to the third recall task. There was also a significant decrease in the participants' perception of the cognitive difficulty of the tasks, between the first and third recall. The present study constitutes an important theoretical and empirical contribution to the literature of collaborative memory and opens the way to better explore the collaborative potential of groups in diverse contexts.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

2343, Collaborative inhibition, 2300, Processos cognitivos, :Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], 2340, Aprendizagem, Memory, Processos de grupo, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Psicologia, Memória, Learning, Psicologia cognitiva, Collaborative retrieval, 2300 Human experimental psychology

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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