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Determinantes da lucratividade do sistema bancário português

Authors: Rosa, Sara Patrícia Rodrigues Batista;

Determinantes da lucratividade do sistema bancário português

Abstract

O presente trabalho visa determinar de forma empírica quais os fatores que influenciam a lucratividade do sistema bancário em Portugal. Esta análise é conduzida para a Rentabilidade do Ativo, Rentabilidade dos Capitais Próprios e Resultados Antes de Impostos, no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2017. Os dados foram obtidos de forma agregada para o sector bancário, totalizando-se 69 observações a partir da base de dados estatística do Banco de Portugal. Para tanto, empregou-se a abordagem de cointegração via modelo autorregressivo de desafasagem distribuída - ARDL - proposto por Pesaran et al. (2001). A lucratividade deste setor tem sido muito discutida nos últimos anos, nomeadamente no período pós crise. Apesar dos esforços, a banca portuguesa é caracterizada pela baixa reputação e baixos níveis de confiança, associados a diversos fatores que não somente o fator crise. Posto isto, para as estimações de equação de lucratividade inclui quatro fatores internos (rácio de risco de crédito, rácio de capital, rácio de liquidez e rácio de eficiência) e quatro fatores macroeconómicos (produto interno bruto, inflação, saldo da dívida pública e taxa de juros de depósitos de particulares). Os resultados indicam que o rácio de capital, o rácio de liquidez e a inflação têm um efeito positivo na lucratividade dos bancos em Portugal. Por sua vez, as variáveis rácio de eficiência, risco de crédito, saldo de dívida pública e taxa de juro de depósitos obtiveram um efeito negativo na lucratividade dos bancos portugueses.

This paper aims to empirically determine the factors that influence the profitability of banks operating in Portugal. This analysis is performed to the Retun on Assets, Return on Equity and Earnings Before Taxes, in the period between 2000 and 2017. The data were obtained in aggregate form for the banking system as a whole, totalling 69 observations from the statistical database of the Bank of Portugal. In order to do so, the cointegration approach was applied using the distributed autoregressive model (ARDL) proposed by Pesaran et al. (2001). The performance of this sector has been much discussed in recent years, particularly in the post-crisis period. Despite efforts, Portuguese banking is characterized by low reputation and low levels of trust associated with several factors, not just the crisis factor. Thus, for the estimates of profitability equation, we include four internal factors (credit risk ratio, capital ratio, liquidity ratio and efficiency ratio) and four macroeconomic factors (gross domestic product, inflation, public debt balance and rate interest of private deposits). The results show that the capital ratio, the liquidity ratio and inflation have a positive effect on banks' profitability in Portugal. The variables efficiency ratio, credit risk, public debt balance and deposit interest rate had a negative effect on profitability of Portuguese banks.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Economia monetária, Portugal, E Macroeconomics and monetary economics, Economia financeira, ARDL Model, Sistema bancário, Banking, :Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão [Domínio/Área Científica], G Financial economics, Modelos econométricos, C Mathematical and quantitative methods, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão, Rentabilidade bancária, Profitability, G21, E02, Lucro, C01

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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