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Impactos da fiscalidade ambiental na economia Portuguesa

Authors: Gouveia, Emanuel Gomes de;

Impactos da fiscalidade ambiental na economia Portuguesa

Abstract

A sustentabilidade – nas suas vertentes económica, social, governamental e ambiental – constitui o pressuposto necessário do futuro da ecosfera. O estado do ambiente é, cada vez mais, reconhecido como uma variável que produz efeitos micro e macro na economia de cada país. No caso de Portugal, a primeira reforma da fiscalidade verde verificou-se com a entrada em vigor da Lei n.º 82-D/2014, de 31 de dezembro, pretendendo-se, com o presente estudo analisar os impactes económicos da reforma, passados três anos da sua implementação. Dada a abrangência de tópicos alterados no ordenamento jurídico português, far-se-á referência aos cinco aspetos que consideramos mais relevantes, a saber: i) imposto sobre o carbono; ii) sacos de plástico “leves”; iii) imposto sobre veículos; iv) taxa de gestão de resíduos; e v) taxa de recursos hídricos. Visa-se compreender os impactos que estas medidas tiveram nos diferentes setores a que se dirigem, não só com vista a avaliar os potenciais benefícios, mas também para identificar aspetos suscetíveis de melhoramento futuro, por forma a tornar a internalização de externalidades ambientais um processo cada vez mais eficiente e eficaz.

Sustainability is an economic, social, governmental and environmental concept that will play a fundamental role in the future of our ecosphere. The state of the environment is increasingly recognised as having substantial micro and macroeconomic effects in each country. In Portugal's case, with the entry into force of Law No. 82-D / 2014, December 31, we witnessed the first reform in green taxation. This study aims to examine the economic impact of this reform three years after its implementation. Given the comprehensiveness of the Portuguese legal system, this study will focus on five aspects we consider to be the most relevant, namely i) carbon tax, ii) plastic bags, iii) vehicle tax, iv) waste management fees v) water usage fees. The aim of this work is to understand what impact these measures have had on the different sectors they targeted. The goal is not only to evaluate the potential past benefits, but also to identify aspects in need of future improvement so as to increase our efficiency and effectiveness managing the environment.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Portugal, H23, Economia portuguesa, Impacto económico, Environmental economy, Public policies, :Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão [Domínio/Área Científica], Fiscalidade, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão, Green taxes, Políticas públicas, Externalities, H Public economics, Economia do ambiente

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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