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Classificação de espaços residenciais com base na sua exposição ao crime: uma abordagem construtivista

Authors: Marques, Sara Cristina Rodrigues;

Classificação de espaços residenciais com base na sua exposição ao crime: uma abordagem construtivista

Abstract

The feeling of security is an increasingly important factor in choosing a residential space. This study proposes the development of a multiple criteria evaluation system for the classification of residential areas based on their exposure to crime. By combining cognitive mapping and the measuring attractiveness by a categorical based evaluation technique (MACBETH), this paper strives to increase transparency in the classification process of these spaces, allowing improvement initiatives to be identified and crime rates to be reduced. Based on a realworld application, the information collected from criminal, urbanism and real estate experts, who deal with crime adversities on a daily basis, was analyzed and discussed during face-to-face group meetings, allowing realism to be incorporated into the evaluation mechanism. The results, which were validated both by the participating panel members and the Superintendent Chief of Operations and Deputy National Director of the Public Security Police (PSP) in Portugal, demonstrate that cognitive mapping allows the cause-and-effect relationships between determinants of criminality and sense of security to be identified and better understood, while MACBETH introduces realism into the calculation of respective trade-offs. The limitations and managerial implications of the system created are also discussed.

A sensação de segurança e a existência de criminalidade no espaço residencial é algo que está sempre presente na mente de cada residente e que afeta diretamente a atividade não só das autoridades policiais como, também, do mercado imobiliário e do governo local. Estas entidades têm demonstrado uma preocupação crescente, não só em melhorar os aspetos negativos dos espaços residenciais, como em potencializar os aspetos positivos já existentes e que possam contribuir para uma melhoria contínua das condições de vida de cada cidadão. Nesta perspetiva, a presente dissertação combina técnicas de mapeamento cognitivo com a abordagem Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique (MACBETH), de forma a construir um modelo mais informado e transparente para a classificação de espaços residenciais de acordo com o seu nível de exposição ao crime. A diferença entre a proposta que aqui é feita e as atuais práticas de avaliação reside no facto de as informações recolhidas serem obtidas, diretamente, junto de especialistas em matérias de crime, planeamento e imobiliário urbano; e que lidam diariamente com este tipo de adversidades. As implicações práticas do modelo construído serão também objeto de análise e discussão.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Mercado imobiliário, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais, Segurança pública, Crime exposure, MACBETH, Cognitive mapping, Criminalidade, Mapeamento cognitivo, MCDA-Multiple Criteria Decision analysis, Exposição ao crime, Classification of Residential Areas, Classificação de espaços residenciais, Condições de vida, :Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica]

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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