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Espumas de carbono con porosidad jerarquizada

Authors: Sarigul, Gamze; Maiorano Lauría, Lucila Paola; Molina Jordá, José Miguel;

Espumas de carbono con porosidad jerarquizada

Abstract

Los materiales mesoporosos de carbón (tamaño de poros en el intervalo 2-50 nm) se están utilizando en numerosas aplicaciones como membranas, filtros, soportes catalíticos o electrodos en dispositivos electroquímicos. A pesar de sus enormes potenciales, sus problemas relacionados con la difusión de los reactivos/productos y del calor hacia o desde los reactores han motivado el esfuerzo dirigido a obtener nuevos materiales porosos que combinen tamaños de poro en diferentes escalas. En este trabajo se han desarrollado espumas de carbono con porosidad jerarquizada mediante un método de doble plantilla. Para ello se utiliza una mezcla de brea de mesofase (MP) con poliestireno (PS) que se infiltra en preformas porosas formadas por compactación de partículas de NaCl, que posteriormente son eliminadas por disolución en agua y forman los poros de tamaño más grande en el material. Mediante tratamientos térmicos se consigue eliminar la fina microestructura interconectada formada por el PS y de esta manera crear la porosidad más fina en el material. El éxito del proceso radica en las condiciones de solidificación de la mezcla MP+PS, una vez infiltrada en la preforma de NaCl, y en la delicada eliminación de las fases plantilla. Con este método se ha conseguido desarrollar una nueva clase de materiales carbonosos con porosidad jerarquizada con poros en el intervalo 500 μm-20 nm.

Mesoporous carbon materials (pore size ranging 2-50 nm) have been used in applications as membranes, filters, catalyst supports or electrodes in electrochemical devices. Their problems related with diffusion of reactants/products and heat leading off from or supplied to the reactors have motivated the efforts directed to obtain new materials capable of combining pores in different scales. In this work a double templating method is used to generate carbon foams with hierarchical pore structure. The mixture of mesophase pitch (MP) and polystyrene (PS) allows infiltrating preforms of packed NaCl particles which afterwards can be removed away by dissolution in water, forming the large pores in the material. Posterior heat treatments allow removing an interconnected fine microstructure created by the PS, which is able to create the fine porosity in the material. The success of the process depends on the solidification conditions of the infiltrating mixture and the careful removal of the templates. By this method a new class of materials with hierarchical porosity (pores in the range 500 mm-20 nm) has been obtained.

Los autores desean agradecer la financiación obtenida al “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” (proyecto MAT2016-77742-C2-2-P) y a la “Generalitat Valenciana” (PROMETEO II/2014/004-FEDER).

Related Organizations
Keywords

Hierarchical porosity, Química Inorgánica, Poliestireno, Espumas de carbono, Porosidad jerarquizada, Brea de mesofase, Mesophase pitch, Polystyrene, Carbon foams

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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