
handle: 10045/78410
El objetivo del trabajo es valorar si realmente hay razones de necesidad de pena que justifiquen la entrada o la permanencia en prisión en España de un buen número de mujeres reclusas, dadas, por un lado, las características de la delincuencia de las mujeres, por lo general no grave y, en especial, no violenta o agresiva contra las personas; y, por otro lado, las dificultades existentes para proporcionarles unas condiciones penitenciarias adecuadas y en igualdad con los hombres, debido a su carácter de grupo minoritario. Para ello, se da cuenta, por una parte, de algunos datos relativos al tipo de delitos cometidos por hombres y mujeres y las penas que llevan aparejadas, con especial referencia a la pena de prisión; y, por otra parte, se examinan algunos datos relativos a la población penitenciaria que mostrarían ciertas diferencias no justificadas en las condiciones penitenciarias de las mujeres respecto de las de los hombres. El análisis de estos datos permite extraer, entre otras, las siguientes conclusiones: la constatación de un uso excesivo de la prisión preventiva que afectaría de forma especialmente severa a las mujeres; la existencia de un significativo porcentaje de mujeres condenadas a penas de prisión para las que el encierro, consideradas todas sus circunstancias, excede claramente de las razones de necesidad de pena desde el punto de vista de la prevención general y de la prevención especial; y, finalmente, la confirmación de un limitado recurso a las alternativas a la pena de prisión, especialmente de la suspensión de la condena, que afectaría particularmente a las mujeres si se tiene en cuenta la menor gravedad de los delitos cometidos y de las penas de prisión impuestas por los mismos, en su mayoría no superiores a dos años.
The aim of this paper is to assess whether there really are reasons for punishment that justify the entry or stay in prison in Spain of a large number of women prisoners, given, on the one hand, the characteristics of women's crime, in general non-serious and, especially, non-violent or aggressive against people; and, on the other hand, the difficulties that exist to provide them with appropriate prison conditions and on an equal footing with men, due to their status as a minority group. In order to do so, we provide, on the one hand, some data regarding the type of crimes committed by men and women and the penalties that they entail, with special reference to the prison sentence; and, on the other hand, we analyse some data related to the prison population that would show certain unjustified differences in the prison conditions of women with respect to those of men. The analysis of these data allows to draw, among others, the following conclusions: the finding of an excessive use of preventive detention that would affect women more severely; the existence of a significant percentage of women sentenced to prison for which the confinement, considering all its circumstances, clearly exceeds the reasons for the need for punishment, both from the point of view of a general and individual deterrence; and, finally, the confirmation of the limited use of alternatives to imprisonment, especially the probation, which would particularly affect women, taking into account the lesser seriousness of the crimes committed and the penalties imposed on them, most of them not exceeding two years.
Prevención especial, Detenção preventiva, Prisión, Individual deterrence, Delincuencia, Princípio da isonomia, Mulher na criminalidade, Penitenciária feminina, Criminalidade feminina, Penitenciária de mulheres, Isonomia constitucional, prisão, Women, Derecho Penal, População carcerária, Delinquency, análise, Pena de reclusão, Mulher, Prison, direitos e deveres, Espanha, Mujeres, Mulher delinquente, Delinquência feminina, General deterrence, Prisão preventiva, Estabelecimento penitenciário para mulheres, Presídio feminino, Prevención general
Prevención especial, Detenção preventiva, Prisión, Individual deterrence, Delincuencia, Princípio da isonomia, Mulher na criminalidade, Penitenciária feminina, Criminalidade feminina, Penitenciária de mulheres, Isonomia constitucional, prisão, Women, Derecho Penal, População carcerária, Delinquency, análise, Pena de reclusão, Mulher, Prison, direitos e deveres, Espanha, Mujeres, Mulher delinquente, Delinquência feminina, General deterrence, Prisão preventiva, Estabelecimento penitenciário para mulheres, Presídio feminino, Prevención general
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