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Ecología y conservación del oso andino (Tremarctos ornatus) en las Áreas Naturales Protegidas del Perú

Authors: Figueroa Pizarro, Judith;

Ecología y conservación del oso andino (Tremarctos ornatus) en las Áreas Naturales Protegidas del Perú

Abstract

El oso andino (Tremarctos ornatus) se distribuye en una gran variedad de hábitats y en un amplio rango altitudinal en los Andes de América del Sur, lo cual se encuentra relacionado a la disponibilidad de alimento. En el Perú consume una gran variedad de componentes, principalmente de especies botánicas (98.3%), siendo las más frecuentes las familias: Bromeliaceae, Arecaceae, Cyclanthaceae y Poaceae. Por otro lado, el efecto de las infecciones parasitarias sobre el oso andino podría afectar también la dinámica de sus poblaciones. En el análisis de las heces colectadas en dos áreas, se identificaron tres protozoos: Blastocystis sp., Cryptosporidium sp. y Giardia sp., y tres nemátodos: Strongyloides sp., una especie indeterminada de Ascarididae (Baylisascaris sp. o Toxocara sp.), y una especie indeterminada de Ancylostomatidae (Ancylostoma sp. o Uncinaria sp.). Otros factores que afectan a las poblaciones de oso andinos son las interacciones con los humanos. De 310 entrevistas realizadas en 50 comunidades de 12 regiones del Perú, el 60.8% señaló que lo cazan debido a que es considerado perjudicial por alimentarse de los cultivos (48.5%) y atacar al ganado (42.2%). Además, existe un comercio de partes e individuos de oso andinos con una mayor venta en el norte del Perú: Lambayeque (32.7%), Piura (17.3%), San Martín (13.5%), Cajamarca (11.5%) y Amazonas (5.8%). Este comercio es básicamente local, para usos curativos, mágicos, afrodisíacos y alimenticios, aunque también se registró la venta de vesícula biliar a personas de origen asiático en Amazonas y Cusco.

Tesis

Keywords

Oso andino, Distribución, Osos, Bienestar animal, Reservas naturales, Especies protegidas, Ecología, http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.13, Tremarctos ornatus, Parasitología veterinaria, Dieta, Parasitología, Zoología, Comercio

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green