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Nutrición Hospitalaria
Article . 2013
Data sources: DOAJ
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Estudio del riesgo nutricional en adultos mayores autónomos no institucionalizados

Authors: Montejano Lozoya, Raimunda; Ferrer Diego, Rosa; Clemente Marín, Gonzalo; Martínez Alzamora, Nieves;

Estudio del riesgo nutricional en adultos mayores autónomos no institucionalizados

Abstract

Objetivos: Valorar el estado nutricional en adultos mayores autónomos, no institucionalizados, en centros sociales, mediante la escala MNA y analizar su distribución según las variables sociodemográficas: sexo, edad, estado civil, convivencia, estudios y ámbito rural o urbano. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en 660 adultos mayores autónomos, no institucionalizados en centros sociales de la provincia de Valencia. Los sujetos fueron evaluados en 12 centros sociales seleccionados mediante un muestreo estratificado por bloques. Los criterios de inclusión en el estudio fueron: tener 65 años o más, vivir en el domicilio, tener autonomía funcional, residir más de un año en la provincia de Valencia, acudir periódicamente a centros sociales y querer colaborar. Se usó el MNA para la valoración nutricional. Resultados: De los 660 sujetos incluidos en el estudio, el 48,33% son hombres y el 51,6% mujeres, la edad media es de 74,3 ± 6,57 años. El 23,3% de los encuestados presenta riesgo de malnutrición. El odds de prevalencia del riesgo de malnutrición es mayor en: mujeres respecto a hombres (OR = 1,43), personas ≥ 85 años respecto al grupo de 65-69 años (OR = 2,27), personas viudas respecto a casadas o con pareja estable (OR = 1,82) y en personas sin estudios respecto a las que disponen de algún nivel de estudios (OR = 1,73). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de riesgo nutricional en adultos mayores autónomos, no institucionalizados en centros sociales de la provincia de Valencia alcanza a una de cada cuatro personas, siendo más elevada en personas viudas (en su mayor parte mujeres mayores, que viven solas) y en personas sin estudios.

Objectives: To assess the nutritional status of autonomous, non-institutionalized, elder adults in social centers by means of the MNA scale and to analyze their distribution according to socio-demographical variables: gender, age, civil status, living with other people, educational level, and rural/urban setting. Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in 660 autonomous, non-institutionalized elder adults in social center of the province of Valencia. The subjects were assessed at 12 social centers selected though stratified sample sets. The inclusion criteria were: being 65 years of older, living at home, having functional autonomy, residing for more than one year in the province of Valencia, attending periodically the social center, and willing to participate. The MNA scale was used for nutritional assessment. Results: Of the 660 included subjects, 48.33% were males and 51.6% females; the mean age was 74.3 ± 6.57 years. 23.3% of the participants were at risk for malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition odds ratio was higher in: females as compared to men (OR = 1.43), subjects ≥ 85 years as compared to the 65-69 years group (OR = 2.27), widowed subjects as compared to those with a stable companion (OR = 1.82) and people with the lowest educational level as compared to those with some educational level (OR = 1.73). Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition risk in autonomous, non-institutionalized elder adults at social centers of the province of Valencia reaches one out of four people, being higher in widowed subjects (mostly elder women living alone) and in uneducated people.

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Spain
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Keywords

Autonomous, RC620-627, Elder adults, Autónomos no institucionalizados, ESTADISTICA E INVESTIGACION OPERATIVA, Nutritional risk, Adultos mayores, Enfermería, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, Riesgo nutricional, Non-institutionalized

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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