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Una visión de género a los protocolos de vigilancia sanitaria de la población trabajadora

Authors: Campos Serna, Javier; Ronda Pérez, Elena; Roel Valdés, José María; García Gómez, Montserrat; Maqueda Blasco, Jerónimo; López Jacob, María José; Ivorra Vilaplana, Lorena María;

Una visión de género a los protocolos de vigilancia sanitaria de la población trabajadora

Abstract

Objetivo: Los protocolos para la vigilancia de la salud de la población trabajadora constituyen una herramienta básica en la prevención de los riesgos laborales. Los recientes cambios normativos, junto al fuerte incremento del empleo remunerado en las mujeres, plantean la necesidad de revisar su aplicabilidad a las trabajadoras. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar estos protocolos desde una perspectiva de género. Método: Se ha analizado el diseño y el contenido de cuatro de los 19 protocolos publicados por el Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo por ocho personas expertas mediante una técnica de consenso estructurado en la que se aplicó una guía para la evaluación de la perspectiva de género basada en el Instrumento AGREE y dividida en cinco áreas generales y 14 ítems específicos. Resultados: De las cinco áreas consideradas, las mejor valoradas en los cuatro protocolos han sido alcance y objetivos, y participación, siendo las más débiles las de aplicabilidad, salud sexual y reproductiva y riesgos laborales. En los protocolos de Asma Laboral, Manipulación Manual de Cargas y Pantallas de Visualización de Datos seis de las ocho personas expertas recomiendan su mejora desde una perspectiva del género. En el protocolo de Plaguicidas se hace la misma recomendación por unanimidad de todos los expertos. Conclusión: Es necesario identificar los sesgos de género en los protocolos utilizados para la vigilancia de la salud de la población trabajadora e introducir los cambios necesarios.

Background: Specific occupational health surveillance protocols are essential tools for the prevention of occupational hazards. Recent changes in legislation, coupled with a significant increase in women workforce, necessitate a review of these protocols with respect to their applicability to female workers. The aim of this article is to analyze existing Spanish occupational health surveillance protocols from a gender perspective. Methods: The design and content of four of the nineteen available protocols published by Spanish Ministry of Health were analyzed by eight experts through consensus techniques, using a Gender Perspective Guide based on the AGREE Instrument and evaluating each protocol in relation to five major areas and 14 individual items. Results: Of the five major areas, participation, and scope and objective obtained the best evaluations, while applicability, sexual and reproductive health, and occupational hazards yielded the poorest scores. For protocols used for Occupational Asthma, Manual Handling of Loads and Data Computer Screens, six out of the eight experts recommended review and improvement from a gender perspective. For the protocol regarding Pesticides, this same recommendation was supported unanimously. Conclusions: Gender biases need to be identified, and changes recommended when necessary, in the Spanish protocols for occupational health surveillance.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Guías de práctica clínica, Occupational health, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Vigilancia de la salud, Gender, Salud laboral, Género, Health surveillance, Practice guidelines

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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