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Validación de factores predictivos del aprendizaje de la lectura

Authors: García Tárraga, Josefa;

Validación de factores predictivos del aprendizaje de la lectura

Abstract

Cada vez hay mayor tendencia a suponer que el alumnado que comienza la educación formal está suficientemente preparado para la alfabetización. Pero las primeras dificultades pueden generar frustración y desinterés por el aprendizaje. En el inicio de la alfabetización inicial la evidencia científica muestra dificultades lectoras que pueden llevar al fracaso escolar. Por este motivo, es necesario estudiar la influencia de los procesos que intervienen en el desarrollo de la lectura en el periodo de transición, como apoyo para verificar la eficacia de programas e intervenciones que se realizan en la enseñanza de la lectura en castellano. Muchos investigadores han analizado el momento más propicio para iniciar la adquisición de la habilidad lectora. Existe un consenso global de que leer consiste principalmente en un procesamiento global en el que intervienen múltiples sistemas, principalmente el cognitivo y el psicolingüístico, tanto en lenguas transparentes como el castellano como en opacas como la inglesa. Con el avance de la neurociencia en este campo, sin dejar de lado el enfoque cognitivo-psicolingüístico, se ha comenzado a dar mayor importancia a otros factores psicomotores que favorecen el aprendizaje de la lectura. Este estudio tiene como objetivo revisar los procesos previos que influyen en el aprendizaje de la lectura desde un enfoque integral para prevenir futuras dificultades en el aprendizaje. Algunos estudios sugieren adoptar un enfoque multidimensional y bidireccional para el desarrollo de las habilidades fundamentales que se han de adquirir a lo largo de los primeros años de la infancia.

There is an increasing tendency to assume that students starting formal education are sufficiently prepared for literacy. But the first difficulties can generate frustration and disinterest in learning. At the beginning of initial literacy, the scientific evidence shows reading difficulties that can lead to school failure. For this reason, it is necessary to study the influence of the processes involved in the development of reading in the transition period, as support to verify the effectiveness of programs and interventions that are carried out in teaching reading in Spanish. Many researchers have analyzed the most favorable time to start acquiring reading skills. There is a global consensus that reading consists mainly of global processing involving multiple systems, mainly cognitive and psycholinguistic, both in transparent languages such as Spanish and in opaque languages such as English. With the advancement of neuroscience in this field, without neglecting the cognitive-psycholinguistic approach, other psychomotor factors that favor learning to read have begun to be given greater importance. Some studies suggest adopting a multidimensional and bidirectional approach to the development of the fundamental skills that must be acquired throughout the first years of childhood.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Aspectos psicomotores, Psychomotor aspects, Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Predictores de la lectura, Alfabetización temprana, Early literacy, Predictors of reading

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green