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Magnetic domain state and anisotropy in monoclinic 4C pyrrhotite (Fe₇S₈) from first-order reversal curve diagrams

Authors: Roberts, AP; Zhao, X; Horng, C-S; Hu, P; Dekkers, MJ; Harrison, RJ; Heslop, D; +3 Authors

Magnetic domain state and anisotropy in monoclinic 4C pyrrhotite (Fe₇S₈) from first-order reversal curve diagrams

Abstract

First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams are an important tool for assessing the domain state and anisotropy type of magnetic particles, as well as for detecting magnetostatic interactions among particles, in paleoclimatic, geomagnetic, tectonic, and planetary studies. We present here FORC diagrams for diverse natural monoclinic 4C pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) samples, including sieved particle size fractions. Experimental FORC distributions for natural pyrrhotite have a dominant asymmetric “kidney shaped” feature for fine particles in the stable single domain (SD) size range. As particles coarsen to the multi-domain state, FORC distributions diverge vertically at low coercivities. Vertical spreading in FORC distributions is also an intrinsic response of magnetic particle systems with multiaxial anisotropy even for magnetostatically noninteracting SD particles. The observed kidney shaped FORC distributions are attributed to twin domain and magnetic moment pinning along easy directions that follow the hexagonal parent structure to produce an apparent triaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy signal. Similar FORC distributions have been reported for pyrrhotite, hematite, and smythite, which all have basal plane triaxial anisotropy. Central ridge-type signatures, which are typical of noninteracting uniaxial SD particle assemblages, have been reported for some pyrrhotite samples, but are not documented here. Our results explain FORC features for pyrrhotite and provide a catalog for comparison with other studies.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average