
handle: 10017/68991
Este estudio transversal analiza la ruta migratoria de África Occidental hacia las Islas Canarias, explorando los factores individuales que influyen en la decisión de migrar y en la experiencia de las personas en las fases de origen (Gambia), tránsito (Tenerife), destino (Tenerife, Zaragoza, Tarragona) y retorno (Gambia). El objetivo principal fue identificar los motivos de migración, mientras que los objetivos secundarios incluyeron caracterizar a la población estudiada y proponer medidas de mejora en cada etapa del proceso migratorio. Los resultados muestran que el principal motivo migratorio es la falta de oportunidades laborales, seguido de la huida de conflictos e inseguridad. Predomina un perfil de hombres jóvenes, cisgénero, musulmanes, que viajan solos, con estudios primarios o secundarios y situación administrativa de solicitante de asilo. La mayoría habla al menos dos idiomas, siendo el español el principal vehículo de comunicación. Se observa un elevado sentimiento de aislamiento en destino, exposición a violencia física, y dependencia económica de apoyos familiares o institucionales. Estos hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de intervenciones integrales que incluyan fortalecimiento educativo y laboral en origen, dispositivos de protección bio-psico-social durante el tránsito, y políticas públicas culturalmente competentes en destino, garantizando acceso a vivienda, empleo, aprendizaje del idioma, inclusión social y apoyo psicosocial. Aunque los resultados no son generalizables a otras rutas migratorias, aportan evidencia relevante sobre los determinantes de la migración desde África Occidental hacia España, destacando la importancia de enfoques basados en derechos humanos, integración y protección estructural de la población migrante.
This cross-sectional study analyzes the West African migration route to the Canary Islands, exploring the individual factors influencing the decision to migrate and the experiences of people at the stages of origin (Gambia), transit (Tenerife), destination (Tenerife, Zaragoza, Tarragona), and return (Gambia). The main objective was to identify migration motives, while secondary objectives included characterizing the study population and proposing improvement measures at each stage of the migration process. Results show that the primary migration motive is the lack of employment opportunities, followed by fleeing conflict and insecurity. The predominant profile corresponds to young, cisgender men, mostly Muslim, traveling alone, with primary or secondary education and asylum seeker status. Most participants speak at least two languages, with Spanish being the main language of communication. A high sense of isolation at the destination, exposure to physical violence, and economic dependence on family or institutional support were also observed. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive interventions, including strengthening educational and employment opportunities at the origin, bio-psycho-social protection mechanisms during transit, and culturally competent public policies at the destination, ensuring access to housing, employment, language learning, social inclusion, and psychosocial support. Although the results are not generalizable to other migration routes, they provide relevant qualitative evidence on the determinants of migration from West Africa to Spain, emphasizing the importance of approaches based on human rights, integration, and structural protection of migrant populations.
Máster Universitario en Acción Humanitaria Sanitaria (M161)
118 p.
Integración social, Medicina, Migración, Vulnerability, Canary Islands, Social integration, África Occidental, Islas Canarias, West Africa, Derechos humanos, Human rights, Medicine, Vulnerabilidad, Migration
Integración social, Medicina, Migración, Vulnerability, Canary Islands, Social integration, África Occidental, Islas Canarias, West Africa, Derechos humanos, Human rights, Medicine, Vulnerabilidad, Migration
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 0 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
