
handle: 10017/68649
Dentro de la estructura forestal, el sotobosque es el estrato menos estudiado debido a las limitaciones de las mediciones manuales y a la oclusión de los doseles superiores que restringe la teledetección, incluso con sensores LiDAR, (del inglés, Light Detection and Ranging). Este estudio propone una metodología para la caracterización del sotobosque y evalúa si la información estructural puede obtenerse de manera equivalente mediante sensores aerotransportados (Airborne Laser Scanning - ALS) y terrestres (Terrestrial Laser Scanning - TLS). La metodología consistió en normalizar la nube de puntos, determinar y recortar la franja de alturas correspondiente al sotobosque, extraer los troncos, y finalmente aplicar un filtrado basado en altura, intensidad del retorno láser y densidad de puntos para delimitar el estrato. Los resultados mostraron una alta exactitud global en la extracción del estrato para los datos ALS (76.03% - 89.65%), superando a los TLS (66.99% - 89.10%). Sin embargo, la comparación de variables estructurales (altura, superficie, volumen) reveló una correlación muy baja entre ambos sistemas, indicando que la información extraída no es equivalente. La oclusión del dosel es la principal limitación, causando subestimaciones sistemáticas en el ALS. En bosques dominados por álamo negro del Canadá (Populus x canadensis), la densa copa dificulta la caracterización, mientras que los resultados son más favorables en parcelas de pino carrasco (Pinus halepensis). Se concluye que, si bien la metodología desarrollada es viable para la delimitación del sotobosque, el ALS no permite caracterizar la estructura fina con la misma precisión que el TLS.
Within the forest structure, the understory is the least studied stratum due to the limitations of manual measurements and the occlusion from upper canopies that restricts remote sensing, even with LiDAR, (Light Detection and Ranging) sensors. This study proposes a methodology for the characterization of the understory and evaluates whether structural information can be obtained equivalently using Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) sensors. The methodology consisted of normalizing the point cloud, determining and clipping the height range corresponding to the understory, extracting the trunks, and finally applying a filter based on height, laser return intensity, and point density to delineate the stratum. The results showed high overall accuracy in stratum extraction for ALS data (76.03% - 89.65%), surpassing that of TLS (66.99% - 89.10%). However, the comparison of structural variables (height, surface area, volume) revealed a very low correlation between both systems, indicating that the extracted information is not equivalent. Canopy occlusion is the main limitation, causing systematic underestimations in ALS. In forests dominated by Canadian black poplar (Populus x canadensis), the dense canopy complicates characterization, while results are more favorable in plots of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis). It is concluded that, although the developed methodology is viable for understory delineation, ALS does not allow the fine structure to be characterized with the same precision as TLS.
Máster Universitario en Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (M150)
LiDAR, Understory, Geografía, Geography, TLS, ALS, Sotobosque
LiDAR, Understory, Geografía, Geography, TLS, ALS, Sotobosque
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