
handle: 10017/66302
La pandemia de COVID-19 provocó un uso masivo de equipos de protección individual (EPI), lo que derivó en la generación de un nuevo tipo de residuo plástico con alto potencial contaminante. Este trabajo evaluó el impacto ambiental de los residuos de EPI en cuerpos de agua, a través de una revisión bibliográfica de estudios científicos recientes. Se han analizado la distribución espacial y densidad de micro y nanoplásticos derivados de EPI, sus efectos ecotoxicológicos sobre organismos acuáticos y las estrategias de mitigación implementadas en distintas regiones del mundo. Los resultados han mostrado diferencias significativas entre regiones como Asia, Europa, África, América y Oceanía, tanto en el volumen de residuos generados como en las respuestas de gestión. Se han identificado efectos adversos a nivel fisiológico y celular, con mayor riesgo asociado a los nanoplásticos por su capacidad de bioacumulación. Se ha concluido que los residuos de EPI representan una amenaza emergente para los ecosistemas acuáticos y que es urgente implementar políticas de gestión diferenciada, promoción de EPI biodegradables y monitoreo ambiental especializado.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the massive use of personal protective equipment (PPE), resulting in the generation of a new category of plastic waste with high environmental impact. This study evaluates the environmental effects of PPE waste in aquatic systems through a literature review of recent scientific publications. It analyzes the spatial distribution and density of micro- and nanoplastics derived from PPE, their ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms, and mitigation strategies applied across different world regions. The findings reveal significant differences between Asia, Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Oceania, both in waste volume and in management responses. Adverse effects were identified at physiological and cellular levels, with nanoplastics posing greater risks due to their potential for bioaccumulation. The study concludes that PPE waste is an emerging threat to aquatic ecosystems and highlights the need for differentiated waste management, promotion of biodegradable PPE, and improved environmental monitoring.
Máster Universitario en Hidrología y Gestión de los Recursos Hídricos (M174)
41 p.
PPE waste, Microplastics, COVID-19, Microplásticos, Residuos de EPI, Environmental science, Contaminación acuática, Gestión de residuos, Medio Ambiente, Ecotoxicidad, Aquatic pollution, Nanoplásticos, Nanoplastics, Ecotoxicity, Waste management
PPE waste, Microplastics, COVID-19, Microplásticos, Residuos de EPI, Environmental science, Contaminación acuática, Gestión de residuos, Medio Ambiente, Ecotoxicidad, Aquatic pollution, Nanoplásticos, Nanoplastics, Ecotoxicity, Waste management
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