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Estructura y dinámica forestal de las laurisilvas de Azores: ¿podrán perpetuarse en el tiempo estos remanentes de bosque nativo?

Authors: Quingatuña Cali, Milca Jahanúa;

Estructura y dinámica forestal de las laurisilvas de Azores: ¿podrán perpetuarse en el tiempo estos remanentes de bosque nativo?

Abstract

El bosque de laurisilva en las islas Azores es un ecosistema natural paleotropical que aparece en zonas rocosas y montañosas cuya vegetación lo convierte en un paraíso botánico. El bosque presenta un grado elevado de endemismo debido a su situación geográfica aislada y su relevancia está ligada a los servicios ecosistémicos que brinda, ya que permite el crecimiento de una vegetación con alta demandas de agua. Sin embargo, este ecosistema se encuentra en peligro debido a actividades antrópicas realizadas por el hombre ligadas con ganadería, introducción de especies exóticas, fragmentación del área entre otras. Actualmente la legislación de las islas ha implementado leyes en favor de su conservación y la ausencia de información puede ser un inconveniente en la adecuada gestión de estos remanentes de bosques. Mediante un estudio dendrocronológico este trabajo realizó el análisis de la dinámica forestal en 3 remanentes de bosque nativo de la isla Terceira (Terra Brava, Santa Barbara y Pico Alto). Se analizó la composición específica, la estructura de edades y se evaluaron las tasas de crecimiento de las distintas especies. Se recolectaron 269 testigos en total, todos perteneciente a especies endémicas de Azores. Se hallaron 7 especies en total, de las cuales Juniperus brevifolia a pesar de su estado de conservación Vulnerable (VU) resulto la más dominante. Los 3 sitios de muestreos muestran a los años 1965 hasta 1980 como años con las mayores tasas de establecimiento de individuos. Este estudio a su vez muestra diferencias notables en la tasa de crecimiento entre las especies que se analizaron en las tres zonas de muestreo, teniendo como resultado a Laurus azorica y Picconia azorica como especies caracterizadas por un crecimiento lento; mientras que Juniperus brevifolia, Ilex azorica e Ilex platycodon se caracterizaron por tener un crecimiento más rápido. Finalmente, encontramos que sus poblaciones revelan un manejo similar y que cada especie posee mecanismos propios que han favorecido su resiliencia frente a presiones externas.

The Laurisilva forest in the Azores is a natural paleotropical rocky and mountainous ecosystem whose vegetation makes it a botanical paradise. The forest is favored by its special endemism due to its isolated geographical location, its relevance is linked to the ecosystem services it provides, as it allows the growth of vegetation with high water demands, which gives way to hydrological processes typical of tropical forests and in turn gives way to a high endemism. However, this ecosystem is endangered due to anthropogenic activities carried out by man, such as cattle ranching, introduction of exotic species, and fragmentation of the area, among others. Currently the legislation of the islands has implemented laws in favor of its conservation and the absence of information can be a drawback in the proper management of these forest remnants. Through dendrochronological studies, this work analysed forest dynamics in three remnants of native forest on Terceira Island (Terra Brava, Santa Barbara and Pico Alto). The growth rates of individuals were evaluated and correlated with climatic events. A total of 269 cores were collected, all belonging to species endemic to the Azores. A total of 7 species were found, of which Juniperus brevifolia, despite its VU conservation status, was the most dominant. The 3 sampling sites show the years 1965 to 1980 as the years with the highest number of established individuals. This study in turn shows notable differences in growth rate between the species analysed in the three sampling areas, with Laurus azorica and Picconia azorica as species characterised by slow growth; while Juniperus brevifolia, Ilex azorica and Ilex platycodon were characterised by faster growth. Finally, we found that their populations show similar management and that each species has its own mechanisms, which have favoured their resilience to external pressures.

Máster Universitario en Restauración de Ecosistemas (M194)

Máster Universitario en Restauración de Ecosistemas (M139)

43 p.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Anillos, Endemic, Dendrocronología, Dendrochronology, Medio Ambiente, Paleotropical, Endémico, Rings, Environmental science

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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