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Adicción a las autolesiones no suicidas: una revisión teórica sistemática

Authors: Cristóbal Esteban, Elena;

Adicción a las autolesiones no suicidas: una revisión teórica sistemática

Abstract

Las autolesiones no suicidas (ANS) son un fenómeno de alta prevalencia, especialmente en la población adolescente. Sin embargo, existe escasa investigación acerca de su posible conceptualización como una adicción. La presente revisión sistemática pretende recabar los estudios existentes para determinar su potencial adictivo. En segundo lugar, se busca definir los factores y elementos que pueden llevar a desarrollar dicho comportamiento adictivo. Los resultados de la búsqueda expusieron el gran número de similitudes experienciales que se observan entre los trastornos adictivos y ANS, evidenciándose cómo las características adictivas también están presentes en ANS. Por otra parte, factores como la desregulación emocional, una excesiva impulsividad y la presencia de esquemas mal adaptativos influyen en la presencia y la repetición del comportamiento autolesivo no suicida. Por lo tanto, se pudo concluir que las ANS pueden llegar a desarrollarse como una adicción, siendo mediado principalmente por los factores nombrados previamente. De esta forma, se entiende la necesidad de establecer un enfoque adictivo en el tratamiento clínico sin olvidarse del trabajo paralelo de la regulación emocional, del control en la inhibición y de los esquemas y creencias propias.

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a highly prevalent phenomenon, especially presented in the adolescent population. However, there is little research on its possible conceptualization as an addiction. The aim of this systematic review is to gather existing studies to determine its addictive potential. Secondly, it seeks to define factors and elements that can lead to the development of this addictive behavior. Results exposed the large number of experiential similarities observed between addictive disorders and NSSI, evidencing how addictive characteristics are also present in NSSI. On the other hand, factors such as emotional dysregulation, excessive impulsivity and the presence of maladaptive schemas influence the occurrence and repetition of NSSI behavior. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that NSSI behavior can develop an addiction, being largely mediated by the factors previously mentioned. In this way, the need to stablish an addictive approach in clinical treatment is understood, without forgetting the parallel work of emotional regulation, control of inhibition and one’s own schemas and beliefs.

Máster Universitario en Psicología General Sanitaria (M169)

34 p.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Maladaptive schemas, Impulsivity, Autolesión no suicida, Non-suicidal self-injury, Regulación emocional, Esquemas mal adaptativos, Addiction, Psychology, Adicción, Emotional regulation, Psicología, Impulsividad

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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