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handle: 10017/59373
RESÚMEN: El objetivo del presente trabajo es examinar los síntomas psicóticos relacionados con la epilepsia, su clasificación y la descripción de las características clínicas y el diagnóstico diferencial con otros trastornos esquizofrénicos o esquizofreniformes. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica utilizando guías clínicas, tratados y documentos de referencia en psiquiatría y neurología. Y posteriormente se ha elaborado una búsqueda en PubMed/MEDLINE centrada en las palabras clave “epilepsia” y “psicosis”. Conclusión: La relación entre epilepsia y enfermedades psiquiátricas es bidireccional y su abordaje multidisciplinar cobra gran importancia en la mejora de la patología y la calidad de vida del paciente. Aproximadamente un 6% de las personas con epilepsia padecen alguna comorbilidad psicótica. Esta prevalencia es más alta aún en la epilepsia del lóbulo temporal, llegando al 7%. Se puede distinguir entre los conceptos de psicosis periictal (preictal, ictal y postictal) de la psicosis interictal (en la que se engloban los conceptos etiopatogénicos de Schizofrenia-like psychosis y normalización forzada). Siendo esta última la que provoca mayor comorbilidad y empeoramiento de la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Discusión: Los diversos estudios revisados apuntan a una similitud importante de la psicosis interictal epiléptica con la esquizofrenia. Otros estudios postulan la propia epilepsia como etiología de la esquizofrenia. Esto abre un gran campo de investigación desde el punto de vista del análisis y estudio neuropsiquiátrico, así como el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico.
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present paper is to review the psychotic symptoms related to epilepsy, its classification, and the description of the clinical features and differential diagnosis with other schizophrenic or schizophreniform disorders. Material and methods: A literature review was carried out using clinical guidelines, medical texts and reference papers in psychiatry and neurology. Later a PubMed/MEDLINE search was carried out focusing on the keywords "epilepsy" and "psychosis". Conclusion: The relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders is bidirectional and its interdisciplinary approach is of great importance in the improvement of the pathology and the patient's quality of life. Approximately 6% of people with epilepsy have some psychotic comorbidity. This prevalence is even higher in temporal lobe epilepsy, reaching 7%. A distinction can be made between the concepts of perictal psychosis (preictal, ictal and postictal) and interictal psychosis (which includes the etiopathogenic concepts of schizophrenia-like psychosis and forced normalization). The latter is the one that causes greater comorbidity and worsening of the patients' quality of life. Discussion: The various studies reviewed point to an important similarity between interictal epileptic psychosis and schizophrenia. Other studies postulate epilepsy itself as the etiology of schizophrenia. This opens a great field of investigation from the point of view of neuropsychiatric research, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic approach
Grado en Medicina
50 p.
Normalización forzada, Epilepsy, Psicosis similar a la esquizofrenia, Medicina, Schizofrenia-like psychosis., Forced normalization, Medicine, Psicosis, Epilepsia lóbulo temporal, Psychosis, Temporal lobe epilepsy, Epilepsia
Normalización forzada, Epilepsy, Psicosis similar a la esquizofrenia, Medicina, Schizofrenia-like psychosis., Forced normalization, Medicine, Psicosis, Epilepsia lóbulo temporal, Psychosis, Temporal lobe epilepsy, Epilepsia
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