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handle: 10017/58836
Introducción y objetivo: Los trastornos respiratorios del sueño (TRS) se caracterizan por presentar obstrucciones parciales o completas de la vía aérea durante el sueño. Son múltiples los factores que pueden influir en el desarrollo de TRS en la población pediátrica, siendo el más importante la hipertrofia adenoamigdalar, y la adenoamigdelectomía el tratamiento de elección. No todos los pacientes responden adecuadamente al tratamiento con adenoamigdelectomía, de ahí la importancia de realizar un abordaje individualizado de los pacientes. Nuestro objetivo es definir los fenotipos clínicos en niños con TRS que puedan determinar un pronóstico y/o tratamiento común. Pacientes, material y métodos: Se incluyeron de forma consecutiva 30 niños (4-18 años) remitidos por sospecha de TRS. Se tuvieron en cuenta para el estudio variables antropométricas, variables clínicas y se estableció el diagnóstico de TRS por medio de polisomnografía completa (PSG). Los análisis fueron realizados con el programa SPSS versión 20.0. Resultados y conclusión: Alrededor del 50% de los pacientes padecía obesidad, un 70% hipertrofia amigdalar grado III-IV y un 25% paladar ojival. Con respecto al estudio del sueño, en general predominó la presencia un sueño muy superficial con descenso del porcentaje del sueño REM (21%). Se compararon los pacientes en función de la presencia de estos factores de riesgo y se clasificaron en 3 fenotipos. El primer grupo compuesto por pacientes con hipertrofia amigdalar, dificultad respiratoria y alteraciones de la conducta; el segundo, formado por pacientes con paladar ojival y alteraciones de la conducta y el tercero formado por pacientes con obesidad.
Introduction and objective: Sleep disordered breathing (SBD) is characterized by partial and complete obstruction of the superior air way during sleep. There are multiple factors implicated on its development in paediatric population, being adenotonsillar hypertrophy the most frequent cause and adenotonsillectomy the treatment of choice. The importance of individualized treatment relies on the fact that some children fail to respond adequately to adenoamigdelectomía. The aim of the study is to identify risk phenotypes that will allow us to facilitate and predict optimal treatment. Patients, material and methods: 30 children (4-18 years old) referred on suspicion of SBD were included consecutively on the study. Anthropometric and clinical variables were considered and diagnosed was made by complete polysomnography (PSG). To conduct the statistical analysis SPSS 20.0 was used. Results and conclusion: About 50 % of the patients were obese, around 70% suffered from adenotonsillar hypertrophy III-IV and 25% had high-arched palate. With regards to the PSG, shallow sleep was enlarged at the expense of reduced REM sleep (21%). Patients were compared based on the presence of risk factors and classified in three clusters. Cluster 1 adenotonsillar hypertrophy, breathing difficulty and behavioural alterations. Cluster 2 had high arched palate and behavioural alterations, and finally cluster 3 suffered
Grado en Medicina
40 p.
Pediatric, Hipertrofia amigdalar, Medicina, Pediátrico, Obesidad, Clinical phenotypes, Fenotipos clínicos, Medicine, Sleep study, SAHS, Estudio del sueño, Tonsillar hypertrophy, Obesity
Pediatric, Hipertrofia amigdalar, Medicina, Pediátrico, Obesidad, Clinical phenotypes, Fenotipos clínicos, Medicine, Sleep study, SAHS, Estudio del sueño, Tonsillar hypertrophy, Obesity
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