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handle: 10017/58028
El cambio global implica un conjunto de cambios ambientales conectados a la actividad humana que supone una modificación de los ecosistemas. Uno de los principales motores del cambio global es la introducción de especies invasoras, las cuales suelen poseer características que las hacen más exitosas que las nativas en determinados ambientes. Una de estas características es que las especies invasoras suelen tener mayor plasticidad fenotípica que las nativas. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la plasticidad en situaciones de mayor y menor disponibilidad de nutrientes de especies nativas y no nativas para distintos rasgos funcionales. Para ello, se han estudiado diez especies de árboles, cinco nativas de la península ibérica, y cinco no nativas en dos localidades diferentes del centro peninsular: Jadraque, con suelo rico en nutrientes, y El Escorial, con suelo pobre en nutrientes. Para cada especie se recogieron datos de ocho rasgos foliares: composición en carbono y nitrógeno, composición en materia seca, contenido en agua, composiciones isotópicas de δ13C y δ15N, contenido en clorofila y área foliar específica. La plasticidad fenotípica fue mayor en tres rasgos para las especies nativas, mientras que para el resto de rasgos no se observó gran plasticidad. Además, las especies invasoras no fueron más plásticas que las no invasoras para los rasgos estudiados. Estos resultados muestran que la plasticidad fenotípica no parece ser una característica intrínseca de las especies invasoras o no nativas estudiadas.
Global change is the s et of environmental changes connected to human activity that entail s the modification of ecosystems. One of the main drivers of global change is the introduction of invasive species, which possess characteristics that make them more successful in certain environments. This is because , in many non native invasive species tend to have a better phenotypic plasticity than native species The main objective of this work is to study the phenotypic plasticity of native and non native species for different functional traits in situations of more and less nutrient availabilit y . With this in consideration, ten tree species, five native to the Iberian Peninsula and five non native , have been studied. These trees were found in two different locations, Jadraque, with nutrient rich soil, and El Escorial, with nutrient poor soil. For each species eight leaf traits were measured : carbon and nitrogen composition, dry matter content , moisture content, δ 13 C and δ 15 N isotopic composition, chlorophyll content and specific leaf area. Phenotypic plasticity was greater for native species (presented in three traits) than non native species, while the rest of traits did not show signs of great plasticity. Furthermore, phenotypic plasticity was not shown to be related more to invasive species than to non invasive. Therefore, it cannot be stated that phenotypic plasticity is an intrinsic trait related to invasive or non native species.
Grado en Ciencias Ambientales
Especie nativa, Especie invasora, Invasive species, Plasticidad fenotípica, Invasive success, España, Éxito invasor, Phenotypic plasticity, Environmental sciences, Spain, Rasgo foliar, Ciencias ambientales, Leaf trait, Native species
Especie nativa, Especie invasora, Invasive species, Plasticidad fenotípica, Invasive success, España, Éxito invasor, Phenotypic plasticity, Environmental sciences, Spain, Rasgo foliar, Ciencias ambientales, Leaf trait, Native species
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