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handle: 10017/55093
Agricultural abandonment is nowadays one of the largest land use changes in Europe, especially in Mediterranean areas. However, this abandonment can be an opportunity for ecological restoration. Truffle plantations, made up of a forest tree species mycorrhized with a fungi of the genus Tuber, are a restoration strategy with a great potential to obtain ecological services together with economic benefit. Tuber melanosporum, one of the most valuable truffles in Europe, is susceptible to extreme climate conditions and has decline its production due to climate change. Tuber aestivum can develop under harsh climate conditions. The objective was to compare the performance of Quercus ilex seedlings mycorrhized with T. melanosporum to those with T. aestivum, under present and future summer thermic environments and three drought intensities. Seedlings were evaluated periodically for visual damage index (VDI) through the summer. In the middle of summer, maximum stress moment, physiological performance of the seedlings was measured (water stress and photosynthetic performance). Increment of summer temperatures was the most negative factor on seedling performance, independently of the mycorrhizal species or the drought intensity. High temperatures strongly incremented VDI over the time and decreased leaf water potential, but did not damage the photosynthetic machinery (Fv/Fm) and capacity (ɸPSII and Anet) nor produced mortality. Drought had minor effects under present temperature environment but increased synergistically the negative effects of the future increased temperatures. Seedlings mycorrhized with T. aestivum had a better performance that those with T. melanosporum. In general, T. aestivum seedlings had lower VDI and higher leaf water potential, than those with T. melanosporum. Consequently, results demonstrate that T. aestivum is a potential alternative for truffle plantations to T. melanosporum for the drier and hotter regions or for areas where harsh conditions are predicted in the future due to climate change.
El abandono agrícola es actualmente uno de los mayores cambios de uso del suelo en Europa, especialmente en zonas mediterráneas. Este abandono también puede suponer una oportunidad para la restauración ecológica. Las plantaciones truferas, plantaciones de una especie arbórea forestal micorrizada con hongos del género Tuber, son una estrategia de restauración con un gran potencial para obtener servicios ecosistémicos y beneficio económico. Tuber melanosporum, una de las trufas más preciadas de Europa, es susceptible a condiciones climáticas extremas y ha disminuido su producción debido al cambio climático. Tuber aestivum puede desarrollarse en condiciones climáticas adversas. El objetivo fue comparar el desempeño de plantas de Quercus ilex micorrizadas con T. melanosporum frente a micorrizadas con T. aestivum, en ambientes térmicos estivales presentes y futuros y tres niveles de sequía. Se evaluó periódicamente el daño visual (VDI) de las plantas durante el verano. A mitad de verano, momento de máximo estrés, se midió su desempeño fisiológico (estrés hídrico y capacidad fotosintética). El incremento de las temperaturas estivales fue el factor más negativo sobre el desempeño de las plantas, independientemente de la especie de micorriza o de la intensidad de la sequía. Las altas temperaturas incrementaron el VDI a lo largo del tiempo y disminuyeron el potencial hídrico, pero no dañaron la capacidad fotosintética (Fv/Fm, ɸPSII and Anet) ni produjeron mortalidad. La sequía tuvo efectos menores bajo temperatura presente, pero aumentó sinérgicamente los efectos negativos del aumento de temperaturas. Las plantas micorrizadas con T. aestivum presentaron mayor desempeño. En general, las plántulas de T. aestivum tuvieron menor VDI y mayor potencial hídrico foliar que aquellas con T. melanosporum. Los resultados demuestran que T. aestivum es una alternativa potencial para las plantaciones truferas para las regiones más secas y cálidas o para áreas donde se prevén condiciones futuras estresantes por el cambio climático.
Máster Universitario en Restauración de Ecosistemas (M139)
Restauración de ecosistemas, Fluorescencia del Fotosistema II, Leaf water potential, Ecosystem restoration, Environmental science, Sequía más cálida, Medio Ambiente, Potencial hídrico de la hoja, Fotosíntesis, VDI, IDV, Hotter drought, Photosynthesis, Fluorescence of Photosystem II
Restauración de ecosistemas, Fluorescencia del Fotosistema II, Leaf water potential, Ecosystem restoration, Environmental science, Sequía más cálida, Medio Ambiente, Potencial hídrico de la hoja, Fotosíntesis, VDI, IDV, Hotter drought, Photosynthesis, Fluorescence of Photosystem II
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