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Sistemas de drenaje urbano sostenible (SuDS), caso de estudio: Avenida Manuela Sáenz, Ambato, Ecuador

Sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS), case study: Manuela Saénz Avenue in Ambato, Ecuador
Authors: Núñez Guzmán, Verónica Fernanda;

Sistemas de drenaje urbano sostenible (SuDS), caso de estudio: Avenida Manuela Sáenz, Ambato, Ecuador

Abstract

El deber implícito de las ciudades de crecer para satisfacer las necesidades de sus habitantes genera en muchas ocasiones una afectación directa al medio ambiente, esto debido a que el desarrollo urbanístico generalmente conlleva daños directos e indirectos a los ecosistemas donde son llevados a cabo. El objetivo principal de los SuDS (Sistemas de Drenaje Urbano Sostenible) es contribuir a la recuperación de los ciclos hidrológicos naturales y de esta manera ayudar a la conservación y regeneración del entorno natural con la finalidad de crear ecosistemas urbanos amigables, mejorando así la calidad de vida de la población. En este trabajo se realiza una compilación del estado actual de los SuDS, incluyendo las técnicas y clasificaciones implementadas a la fecha, así como también una mención de los sistemas que se encuentran en proceso de desarrollo e investigación. Con la finalidad de verificar la eficiencia de estos sistemas, se ha realizado un caso de estudio en la avenida Manuela Sáenz de la ciudad de Ambato en Ecuador, la cual habitualmente presenta problemas de sobrecarga pluvial que perjudica la capa asfáltica y causa perjuicios en la actividad normal de la zona. Las aguas que generan estas problemáticas provienen de las zonas altas del cerro Casigana y de la parroquia Santa Rosa que comprenden un área aproximada de 8,41 km2 y que en eventos de precipitación intensos recorren diversas vías asfaltadas de la zona hasta confluir en la Avenida Manuela Sáenz y llegar finalmente a través de esta al Rio Ambato. Para el caso de estudio se analizan tres escenarios: el primero que analiza la situación actual del sistema de alcantarillado de la zona que consta de una tubería de diámetro de 400 milímetros, el segundo, en el que se propone un incremento en el sistema de alcantarillado a 600 milímetros, y el tercero, en el que se mantiene el diámetro de la tubería original y adicionalmente se incluyen bermas de drenaje en puntos estratégicos de la zona. Una vez realizadas las simulaciones, los resultados de los hidrogramas unitarios indican que la curva de crecida en el primer escenario existe un caudal de inundación de 18 m3/s, en el segundo escenario el caudal de inundación disminuye a 15 m3/s, mientras que el tercer escenario disminuye a 13,14 m3/s, lo que implica que en términos de comportamiento hidráulico, la implementación de los Sistemas de Drenaje Urbano Sostenible son una solución apropiada para esta problemática.

The implicit duty of cities to grow and meet the needs of their inhabitants often generate a direct impact on the environment, this because urban development generally involves direct and indirect damage to the ecosystems where they are implemented. The main objective of SuDS (Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems) is to contribute to the recovery of natural hydrological cycles and thus help the conservation and regeneration of the natural environment in order to create friendly urban ecosystems, thus improving the quality of the populations life. This work compiles the status of SuDS, including techniques and classifications implemented to date, as well as a mention of the systems that are under development and research. In order to verify the efficiency of these systems, a case study has been carried out on Manuela Saenz Avenue in the city of Ambato in Ecuador, which usually has problems with storm overload that damages the asphalt layer and causes damage to the normal activity in the area. The waters that generate these problems come from the high areas of Cerro Casigana and the Santa Rosa parish, which comprise an approximate area of 8.41 km2, which in intense precipitation events travel various roads in the area until they converge on Manuela Saenz Avenue and finally get through it to the Ambato River. For the case study, three scenarios are analyzed: the first one that analyzes the current situation of the sewage system in the area consisting of a pipe with a diameter of 400 millimeters, the second, in which an increase in the sewage system is proposed at 600 millimeters, and the third, in which the diameter of the original pipe is maintained and additionally drainage berms are included at strategic points in the area as a SuDS solution. Once the simulations were carried out, the results of the unit hydrographs indicate that the flood curve in the first scenario there is a flood flow of 18 cubic meters per second, in the second scenario the flood flow decreases to 15 cubic meters per second, while the third scenario decreases to 13.14 cubic meters per second, which implies that in terms of hydraulic behavior, the implementation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems are an appropriate solution to this problem.

Máster Universitario en Hidrología y Gestión de los Recursos Hídricos (M173)

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Medio Ambiente, Environmental science

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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